Abstract
Ethnobotanical studies have highlighted the need to address temporal dynamics of local knowledge in response to socio-economic changes. The southwestern Balkans are a hotspot of folk botanical knowledge and represent a unique region to study such dynamics. The present study focused on changes in ethnomedicinal knowledge in the rural mountains of Prespa National Park, Albania. The resident ethnic Macedonian minority was fairly isolated under communism (1946–1991), with a long tradition of wild medicinal plant collection. We identified 80 adults and 20 young community members through snowball sampling based on knowledgeability of medicinal plants. In-depth open and semi-structured interviews, free-listing, and participant observation elicited ethnomedicinal knowledge on past and present uses. We recorded 82 botanical taxa belonging to 39 families. Cultural importance analyses showed that Sideritis raeseri Boiss. & Heldr. was by far the culturally most salient species. Informants perceived a steep increase in home consumption of medicinal plants compared to the communist period, despite increased globalization and market liberalization. Trade had significantly decreased but remained an important fallback option in times of economic uncertainty. We observed the phenomenon of knowledge hybridization through access to “modern” knowledge and homogenization through political influences, pointing towards a both resilient and dynamic body of knowledge.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are deeply grateful to all informants, who generously shared their time and knowledge. Special thanks are due to Jani Nikolla and Alketa Gjoka for the introduction to the area and the simultaneous translations; to Prof. Lulëzim Shuka for the assistance with plant identification and herbarium logistics; and to Spase Shumka, Thimaq Lako, Vasil Male, and Wolfgang Fremuth for input and support regarding fieldwork logistics. We thank three anonymous reviewers for comments on a previous version of the manuscript. This work was financed by the European Commission through a doctoral research grant from the FONASO Erasmus Mundus consortium.
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Tomasini, S., Theilade, I. Local Knowledge of Past and Present Uses of Medicinal Plants in Prespa National Park, Albania. Econ Bot 73, 217–232 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-019-09454-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-019-09454-3