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Growth Regulators Increased Yield of Atlantic Potato

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Abstract

Hormones play key roles in potato tuber formation and growth. Early Harvest, a commercial product, is a mixture of gibberellic acid, indole-butyric acid and kinetin, all involved in tuber formation in vitro. Auxigro contains 4-aminobutyric acid and L-glutamate. Can these growth regulators affect field yields? These mixtures were tested on ‘Atlantic’ potato in western Nebraska from 1998 to 2004. Early Harvest was applied to seed pieces at 178 mg/kg and to foliage once or twice at 234 ml/ha between 7 and 28 days after emergence (DAE). Auxigro was applied to seed pieces at 20 and 40 mg/kg, to foliage at 21 to 70 DAE at 350 g/ha, and to foliage at rates from 140 to 700 g/ha when tubers began bulking. Seed treatments were ineffective. Early Harvest increased yields 15%, when applied twice, 11 to 14 days apart, prior to tuber formation at 28 DAE, but not when applied once. Auxigro was not affective when applied at 21 or 28 DAE. Yield was increased 13% when Auxigro was applied during early tuber bulking between 42 and 56 DAE but not at 70 DAE. Auxigro rates of 280 to 560 g/ha applied at early tuber bulking increased yield of 5.7 to 8.2 cm diameter tubers over 20% compared to the check. Early Harvest increased Atlantic yield when applied early after emergence to affect tuber formation. Auxigro stimulated tuber bulking in Atlantic when applied during the early log phase of tuber growth.

Resumen

Las hormonas juegan un papel clave en la formación del tubérculo y en el crecimiento de la papa. Early Harvest®, que es un producto comercial, es una mezcla de ácido giberelico, ácido indolbutírico y cinetina, todas involucradas en formación de tubérculo in vitro. Auxigro® contiene ácido 4-aminobutírico y L-glutamato. ¿Pueden estos reguladores de crecimiento afectar los rendimientos de campo? Se probaron estas mezclas en papa “Atlantic” en el oeste de Nebraska de 1998 a 2004. Se aplicó Early Harvest® a las piezas de semilla a 178 mg/kg y al follaje una o dos veces a 234 ml/ha entre 7 y 28 días después de la emergencia (DAE). Se aplicó Auxigro® a las piezas de semilla a 20 y 40 mg/kg, al follaje de los 21 a los 70 DAE a 350 g/ha, y al follaje a niveles desde 140 a 700 g/ha cuando se empezaron a formar los tubérculos. Los tratamientos a la semilla no fueron efectivos. Early Harvest® incrementó los rendimientos en 15% cuando se aplicó dos veces, con 11 a 14 días de distancia, antes de la formación de tubérculos a los 28 DAE, pero no fue así cuando se aplicó una sola vez. Auxigro® no fue efectivo cuando se aplicó a los 21 o 28 DAE. Se aumentó el rendimiento en un 13% cuando se aplicó Auxigro® durante la formación temprana de tubérculo entre los 42 y 56 DAE, pero no a los 70 DAE. Los niveles de Auxigro® de 280 a 560 g/ha aplicados al principio de la tuberización aumentaron el rendimiento de 5.7 a 8.2 cm en el diámetro de los tubérculos sobre un 20% comparados con el testigo. Early Harvest® aumentó el rendimiento de Atlantic cuando se aplicó temprano después de la emergencia como para afectar la formación de tubérculo. Auxigro® estimuló el llenado de tubérculo en Atlantic cuando se aplicó durante la parte inicial logarítmica del crecimiento del tubérculo.

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Acknowledgments

The author wishes to thank Carl Gall for his technical support, and the Nebraska Potato Development Committee, and Griffin Corp, and Auxein / Emerald Bio, manufacturers of Early Harvest and Auxigro at the time of these studies for their financial support.

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Correspondence to Alexander D. Pavlista.

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Pavlista, A.D. Growth Regulators Increased Yield of Atlantic Potato. Am. J. Pot Res 88, 479–484 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9214-3

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