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Susceptibility of Selected Potato Varieties to Zebra Chip Potato Disease

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Abstract

Zebra chip (ZC), an emerging and serious disease of potato has caused millions of dollars in losses to the potato industry in the United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. The disease has recently been associated with a previously undescribed species of liberibacter tentatively named “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” transmitted to potato by the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc). At present, applications of insecticides targeted against the potato psyllid are the only means to manage ZC. Given the low psyllid density and short inoculation access period required to induce the disease, insecticides may not act fast enough to prevent transmission of liberibacter to potato by the psyllid and development of ZC. Identification and development of ZC-resistant or tolerant varieties may offer the most efficient and sustainable way to manage this potato disease. Susceptibility of selected potato varieties to ZC was evaluated under controlled field cage conditions in 2009 and 2010 in WA by inoculating potato plants with “Ca. L. solanacearum” using infective potato psyllids and monitoring them for ZC symptom development. All potato varieties evaluated in both years of the study were determined to be very susceptible to the disease, with almost 100% of the inoculated plants developing severe ZC foliar and tuber symptoms. Potato yield in all tested varieties was significantly affected by ZC, with yield losses ranging from 49.9% to 87. 2%. Information from this research suggests that there is an urgent need to develop new potato varieties that are resistant or tolerant to this damaging potato disease.

Resumen

Zebra chip (ZC), una enfermedad seria y emergente de papa, ha causado pérdidas por millones de dólares a la industria de la papa en los Estados Unidos, México, América Central y Nueva Zelandia. Se ha asociado a la enfermedad recientemente con una especie no descrita previamente de Liberibacter tentativamente llamada “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum”, transmitida a la papa por el psílido de la papa Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc). A la fecha, los únicos medios para manejar ZC son las aplicaciones de insecticidas dirigidas contra el psílido de la papa. Considerando la baja densidad del psílido y el corto período de acceso a la inoculación requerido para inducir la enfermedad, los insecticidas tal vez no actúan lo suficientemente rápido para prevenir la transmisión de Liberibacter a papa por el psílido y el desarrollo de ZC. La identificación y desarrollo de variedades resistentes o tolerantes a ZC pudieran ofrecer la forma más eficiente y sostenible para manejar esta enfermedad de la papa. Se evaluó la susceptibilidad a ZC de variedades selectas de papa bajo condiciones controladas de jaulas en el campo en 2009 y 2010 en el Estado de Washington (WA) mediante la inoculación de plantas con “Ca. L. solanacearum” utilizando psílidos de la papa infectivos y dándole seguimiento al desarrollo de síntomas de ZC. Se determinó que todas las variedades de papa evaluadas en los dos años del estudio fueron muy susceptibles a la enfermedad, con casi el 100% de desarrollo de síntomas severos de ZC en hoja y en tubérculo en las plantas inoculadas. El rendimiento de papa en todas las variedades probadas se afectó significativamente por ZC, con pérdidas variando de 49.9 a 87.2%. La información de esta investigación sugiere que hay una urgente necesidad de desarrollar nuevas variedades de papa que sean resistentes o tolerantes a esta enfermedad dañina en papa.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Blaine Heilman, Millie Heidt, and Jerry Gefre for their invaluable technical assistance. Financial support for this work was partially provided by Frito Lay, Inc., USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program, Texas Department of Agriculture, USDA-RAMP (Project # 2009-51101-05892) and USDA-SCRI (Project #2009-51181-20176).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA, 98951, USA

    Joseph E. Munyaneza, Jeremy L. Buchman, Venkatesan G. Sengoda, Tonja W. Fisher & Cole C. Pearson

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  1. Joseph E. Munyaneza
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  2. Jeremy L. Buchman
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  3. Venkatesan G. Sengoda
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  4. Tonja W. Fisher
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  5. Cole C. Pearson
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Correspondence to Joseph E. Munyaneza.

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Munyaneza, J.E., Buchman, J.L., Sengoda, V.G. et al. Susceptibility of Selected Potato Varieties to Zebra Chip Potato Disease. Am. J. Pot Res 88, 435–440 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9209-0

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