Abstract
A novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique entitled accumulative radial-forward extrusion (ARFE) is introduced for producing ultra-fine grained bulk materials. This method is based on radial-forward extrusion process because of inherent capabilities for imposing extremely high plastic strains on material. ARFE was applied to AA1050 and the ability of this process in significant grain refinement is determined even after single cycle. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination showed ultra-fine grains (UFGs) with the average grain size of 450 nm after one cycle of ARFE. Furthermore, micro-hardness distribution through the part’s section indicates the hardness increase to ∼52 Hv from the initial value of ∼28 Hv after one cycle of ARFE. In order to further investigate of the accumulated strains, ARFE process was also numerically modelled by finite element method.
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Recommended by Associate Editor Dae-Cheol Ko
Hossein Jafarzadeh is the member of mechanical engineering department at Azad University, Tabriz branch, Iran. His main research interests are metal forming, severe plastic deformation methods, FE micromechanical and crystal plasticity modeling, materials engineering and processing. He has published more than 13 ISI journal papers and more than 12 conference papers. He has also 2 Iranian patents. He has done about 4 research project contracts with Iranian research centers.
The Editors of the Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology have decided to retract this paper, because it contains a copied and manipulated figure from the following publication:
Mehdi Eizadjou, Habib Danesh Manesh and Kamal Janghorban Microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-fine grains (UFGs) aluminum strips produced by ARB process Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 474 (2009) 406–415
Fig. 1 in the Journal of Alloys and Compounds was intentionally modified to conceal plagiarism and is presented as Fig. 5 in the JMST article. Although the figure is not essential to the results in this paper, the misconduct is serious enough to warrant a retraction. The Editors of JMST offer apologies to readers of the journal for not detecting this misconduct during the assessment process.
An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0754-9.
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Jafarzadeh, H., Babaei, A. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Accumulative radial-forward extrusion (ARFE) processing as a novel severe plastic deformation technique. J Mech Sci Technol 28, 2337–2341 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-014-0524-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-014-0524-5