Abstract
A dynamic model of the drive train of a megawatt wind turbine is proposed in which the blades, the hub, the main shaft, and the speedup gearbox are assumed as flexibilities. The external excitation due to the measured load spectrum and the internal excitations due to the time-varying mesh stiffness, the transmission errors, and the meshing impacts within the gearbox are considered to predict the dynamic response of the system. Results show that the most vibration energy occurs at the speed-up gearbox, followed by the generator, and then the main shaft. An experimental remote real-time system is developed to monitor vibration performance of the drive train, with which the accelerations of components are detected. The experimental results are in accordance with the theoretical results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W. Leithead and M. Rogers, Drive-train characteristics of constant speed HAWT’s: Part I-representation by simple dynamic models, Wind Engineering, 20(3) (1996) 149–174.
C. Sicot et al., Experimental study of the effect of turbulence on horizontal axis wind turbine aerodynamics, Wind Energy, 9(4) (2006) 361–70.
D. A. Spera, Introduction to modern wind turbines, Wind Tur-bine Technology, New York (1994).
J. Krouse, Wind turbine gearbox vibration, PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 7411, USA (2009).
M. Todorov et al., Analysis of torsional oscillation of the drive train in horizontal-axis wind turbine, 8th International Symposium on Advanced Electro-mechanical Motion Systems & Electric Drives Joint Symposium, ELECTRO-MOTION 2009, IEEE (2009) (1–7).
M. Todorov and G. Vukov, Parametric Torsional Vibrations of a Drive Train of a Wind Turbine with Faults in Meshing Stiffness, Proc. of CFSER-2010 (2010).
J. Peeters et al., Comparison of analysis techniques for the dynamic behaviour of an integrated drivetrain in a wind turbine, Proc. of the International Conference on Noise & Vibration Engineering ISMA2002, Leuven (2002) 1397–1406.
J. Peeters et al, Flexible multibody model of a three-stage planetary gearbox in a wind turbine, Proc. ISMA. 2004, Leuven (2004) 3923–3941.
J. Peeters et al., Analysis of internal drive train dynamics in a wind turbine, Wind Energy, 9(1–2) (2006) 141–161.
D. Lee et al., Multi-flexible-body Dynamic Analysis of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines, Wind Energy, 5(4) (2002) 281–300.
C. Zhu et al., Effect of flexible pin on the dynamic behaviors of wind turbine planetary gear drives, Proc. of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 227(1) (2013) 74–86.
C. Zhu et al, Modal prediction and sensitivity analysis of wind-turbine planetary gear system with flexible planet pin, Advanced Science Letters, 4(3) (2011) 1219–1224.
S Chen, Dynamic characteristics research of megawatt level wind turbine drive train, Chongqing University (2013).
Y Xing et al., Modelling and analysis of floating spar-type wind turbine drivetrain, Wind Energy, 17(4) (2014) 565–587.
Suryakumar, A finite element-multibody dynamics cosimulation methodology applied to FAST, Master’s thesis, Texas A&M University, Available electronically from http://hdl.handle.net, 1969 1 (2013) 149585.
B. Blockmans et al., Dynamic behavior of a multimegawatt wind turbine drivetrain under voltage dips using a coupled flexible multibody approach, ASME 2013 Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, Portland (2013).
S. Struggl et al., Wind turbine drive train vibration with focus on gear dynamics under nondeterministic loads, Proceedings of International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering, ISMA2012; International Conference on Uncertainty in Structur-al Dynamics, USD2012, Editors: P. Sas, D. Moens, S. Jonck-heere, KU Leuven (Belgium), 17–19 September (2012).
R. Rachholz et al., Dynamics of a controlled flexible multibody model of a 2 MW wind turbine, Proceedings of the 2nd Joint International Conference on Multibody System Dynamics-IMSD, Stuttgart (2012).
J. Helsen et al, Insights in wind turbine drive train dynamics gathered by validating advanced models on a newly developed 13.2 MW dynamically controlled test-rig, Mechatronics, 21(4) (2011) 737–752.
F. Sandner et al., Reduced nonlinear model of a sparmounted floating wind turbine. Proc. of the 11th German Wind Energy Conference DEWEK 2012, 7th–8th November 2012 in Bremen, Germany (2012).
J. Dollhofer and F. Stache, Smooth migration from FLEX5 to modern Multi-Body-Simulation: Comparison SIMPACK vs. FLEX5, http://proceedings.ewea.org/annual2012/allfiles2/1120_EWEA2012presentation.pdf.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Recommended by Associate Editor Cheolung Cheong
Caichao Zhu is currently a professor in State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, China. His research fields include the dynamics of gear systems, the tribology of mechanical transmissions, and the design of accurate transmission, etc. He has published more than 100 technical papers in international journals.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhu, C., Chen, S., Liu, H. et al. Dynamic analysis of the drive train of a wind turbine based upon the measured load spectrum. J Mech Sci Technol 28, 2033–2040 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-014-0403-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-014-0403-0