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Timoshenko beam-based stability and natural frequency analysis for heavy load mechanical spindles

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Abstract

The heavy load mechanical spindle is an important functional component in a 5-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool, which is used to process large and complex free-form surfaces. It is necessary to obtain the natural frequency and analyze the spindle stability for improving the machining precision. In this paper, Timoshenko beam theory is introduced to model the mechanical spindle shaft, where the centrifugal force and gyroscopic effects are considered. Stability of the heavy load mechanical spindle shaft is analyzed, and the buckling load of the spindle shaft is obtained under different rotational speeds. The natural frequency of spindle is investigated in a freedom and restraint state, respectively. Comparing the proposed method with the simplified hollow cylinder and shaft prototype in the freedom state, the results show that they are highly correlated with experimental results. For the restraint state, the axial load, rotational speed, gyroscopic effect, and centrifugal force are discussed, and all of these parameters affect the natural frequency. The proposed modeling approach can be used for spindle design and optimization in a given machining process and can be easily extended to other spindle design.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China

    Zhifeng Liu, Shiming Ma, Ligang Cai, Tieneng Guo & Yongsheng Zhao

Authors
  1. Zhifeng Liu
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  2. Shiming Ma
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  3. Ligang Cai
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  4. Tieneng Guo
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  5. Yongsheng Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shiming Ma.

Additional information

Recommended by Associate Editor Cheolung Cheong

Zhifeng Liu is an associate professor of Mechanical Engineering at Beijing University of Technology, China. He received his Ph.D in Mechanical Engineering from Northeastern University, China, 2003. His research interests include digital design and manufacturing, mechanical transmission, CIMS, manufacturing information and its management systems.

Shiming Ma received his B.S in Mechanical Engineering from Central South University, China, 2005, M.S. and Ph.D in Mechanical Engineering from Beijing University of Technology, China, in 2008 and 2012. He is a researcher in China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT). His research interests include digital design and manufacturing, mechanical dynamics and launch vehicle technology.

Ligang Cai is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at Beijing University of Technology, China. He received his Ph.D degree in Mechanical Engineering from Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China, 1996. His research interests include digital design and manufacturing, advanced manufacturing technology and equipment, manufacturing automation, machine tool dynamics and testing evaluation and CIMS.

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Liu, Z., Ma, S., Cai, L. et al. Timoshenko beam-based stability and natural frequency analysis for heavy load mechanical spindles. J Mech Sci Technol 26, 3375–3388 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-012-0858-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-012-0858-9

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