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Sirtuin functions in the brain: From physiological to pathological aspects

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Abstract

Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent deacetylases involved in multiple biological functions including metabolism, inflammation, stress resistance and aging. In mammals, there are seven members (Sirt1—Sirt7), with diversities in their subcellular localizations and enzymatic activities. Here, we review the functions of sirtuins, with a focus on their roles in normal brain physiology such as neural development regulation, body homeostasis maintenance, and memory formation. We also discuss the role of sirtuins in a variety of brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and motor neuron dysfunction. Because of the emerging functions of sirtuins in brain physiology and pathology, drugs targeting sirtuins may offer potential therapeutic values for brain disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China

    Jia-xiang Shao  (邵家骧), Yi-zhou Quan  (全亦周), Jie Liu  (刘 杰) & Wei-liang Xia  (夏伟梁)

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Jia-xiang Shao  (邵家骧), Ting-ting Zhang  (张婷婷), Teng-yuan Liu  (刘腾远), Yi-zhou Quan  (全亦周), Fan Li  (李 凡), Jie Liu  (刘 杰), Xiao Yang  (杨 霄), Qian Xie  (谢 谦) & Wei-liang Xia  (夏伟梁)

  3. Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Jia-xiang Shao  (邵家骧), Ting-ting Zhang  (张婷婷), Teng-yuan Liu  (刘腾远), Yi-zhou Quan  (全亦周), Fan Li  (李 凡), Jie Liu  (刘 杰), Xiao Yang  (杨 霄), Qian Xie  (谢 谦) & Wei-liang Xia  (夏伟梁)

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  1. Jia-xiang Shao  (邵家骧)
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Correspondence to Wei-liang Xia  (夏伟梁).

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Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31270032), the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Interdisciplinary Research Grant (No. YG2012ZD05) and the Grant from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2013CB945604)

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Shao, Jx., Zhang, Tt., Liu, Ty. et al. Sirtuin functions in the brain: From physiological to pathological aspects. J. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (Sci.) 19, 651–662 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12204-014-1562-y

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