Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Positionspapier „Schlafmedizin in der Kardiologie“

Update 2014

Position paper “Sleep medicine in cardiology”

Update 2014

  • Positionspapier
  • Published:
Der Kardiologe Aims and scope

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abb. 1

Abbreviations

AASM:

American Academy of Sleep Medicine

ACCP:

American College of Chest Physicians

AHI:

Apnoe-Hypopnoe-Index

ASV:

adaptive Servoventilation

ATS:

American Thoracic Society

BiPAP:

„bi-level positive airway pressure“

BMI:

Body-Mass-Index

complSA:

„complex sleep apnoea“, komplexe Schlafapnoe

CPAP:

„continuous positive airway pressure“, nächtliche Atmungsunterstützung mittels kontinuierlich positiven Atemwegsdruckes

CRT:

kardiale Resynchronisationstherapie

CSA:

Cheyne-Stokes-Atmung

CTEPH:

Chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie

DGK:

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung

DSGM:

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin

EBCT:

Elektronenstrahltomographie

EEG:

Elektroenzephalographie

EMG:

Elektromyographie

EOG:

Elektrookulographie

EPAP:

„expiratory positive airway pressure“

ESC:

European Society of Cardiology

ESH:

European Society of Hypertension

HF-PEF:

„heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction“, Herzinsuffizienz mit erhaltener linksventrikulärer Ejektionsfraktion

HF-REF:

„heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction“, Herzinsuffizienz mit reduzierter linksventrikulärer Ejektionsfraktion

ICD:

Implantierbarer Kardioverter-Defibrillator

IMT:

Intima-Media-Dicke

LV-EF:

linksventrikuläre Ejektionsfraktion

NIV:

nichtinvasive Ventilation

NREM:

„non-rapid eye movement“, Nicht-Traumschlaf N1–N3

OHS:

Obesitas-Hypoventilationssyndrom

OSA:

obstruktive schlafbezogene Atmungsstörung

OSAS:

obstruktives Schlafapnoesyndrom

PG:

Polygraphie

PH:

pulmonale Hypertonie

PSG:

Polysomnographie

PWV:

Pulswellengeschwindigkeit

REM:

„rapid eye movement“, Traumschlaf mit schnellen Augenbewegungen

SBAS:

schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen

TIA:

transiente ischämische Attacke

ZSA:

zentrale schlafbezogene Atmungsstörung

Literatur

  1. Abraham WT, Jagielski D, Oldenburg O et al (2013) The effects of chronic implanted transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation in central sleep apnea: the remedē® System pilot study. Eur Heart J 34:769 (P4191)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Albuquerque FN, Calvin AD, Sert Kuniyoshi FH et al (2012) Sleep-disordered breathing and excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with atrial fibrillation. Chest 141:967–973

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Andreas S, Hagenah G, Moller C et al (1996) Cheyne-Stokes respiration and prognosis in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 78:1260–1264

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Arias MA, Garcia-Rio F, Alonso-Fernandez A et al (2006) Pulmonary hypertension in obstructive sleep apnoea: effects of continuous positive airway pressure: a randomized, controlled cross-over study. Eur Heart J 27:1106–1113

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Arias MA, Garcia-Rio F, Alonso-Fernandez A et al (2005) Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome affects left ventricular diastolic function: effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in men. Circulation 112:375–383

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Arzt M, Floras JS, Logan AG et al (2007) Suppression of central sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure and transplant-free survival in heart failure: a post hoc analysis of the Canadian Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Patients with Central Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure Trial (CANPAP). Circulation 115:3173–3180

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Arzt M, Wensel R, Montalvan S et al (2008) Effects of dynamic bilevel positive airway pressure support on central sleep apnea in men with heart failure. Chest 134:61–66

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Arzt M, Young T, Finn L et al (2005) Association of sleep-disordered breathing and the occurrence of stroke. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172:1447–1451

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Arzt M, Young T, Finn L et al (2006) Sleepiness and sleep in patients with both systolic heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea. Arch Intern Med 166:1716–1722

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Atwood CW Jr, Mccrory D, Garcia JG et al (2004) Pulmonary artery hypertension and sleep-disordered breathing: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 126:72S–77S

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Aurora RN, Chowdhuri S, Ramar K et al (2012) The treatment of central sleep apnea syndromes in adults: practice parameters with an evidence-based literature review and meta-analyses. Sleep 35:17–40

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ayas NT, White DP, Manson JE et al (2003) A prospective study of sleep duration and coronary heart disease in women. Arch Intern Med 163:205–209

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Badr MS, Arie O, Joachim M et al (2011) Predictors of response for upper airway stimulation in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 279:A2727

    Google Scholar 

  14. Bananian S, Lehrman SG, Maguire GP (2002) Cardiovascular consequences of sleep-related breathing disorders. Heart Dis 4:296–305

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Barbe F, Duran-Cantolla J, Sanchez-De-La-Torre M et al (2012) Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on the incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular events in nonsleepy patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 307:2161–2168

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Barone DA, Krieger AC (2013) Stroke and obstructive sleep apnea: a review. Curr Atheroscler Rep 15:334

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bassetti CL (2005) Sleep and stroke. Semin Neurol 25:19–32

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Bazan V, Grau N, Valles E et al (2013) Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with typical atrial flutter: prevalence and impact on arrhythmia control outcome. Chest 143:1277–1283

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Becker HF, Jerrentrup A, Ploch T et al (2003) Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 107:68–73

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Becker HF, Koehler U, Stammnitz A et al (1998) Heart block in patients with sleep apnoea. Thorax 53(Suppl 3):S29–S32

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Berry RB, Budhiraja R, Gottlieb DJ et al (2012) Rules for scoring respiratory events in sleep: update of the 2007 AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Deliberations of the Sleep Apnea Definitions Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. J Clin Sleep Med 8:597–619

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Bitter T, Faber L, Hering D et al (2009) Sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 11:602–608

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Bitter T, Gutleben KJ, Nolker G et al (2013) Treatment of Cheyne-Stokes respiration reduces arrhythmic events in chronic heart failure. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 24:1132–1140

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Bitter T, Langer C, Vogt J et al (2009) Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with atrial fibrillation and normal systolic left ventricular function. Dtsch Arztebl Int 106:164–170

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Bitter T, Westerheide N, Faber L et al (2010) Adaptive servoventilation in diastolic heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Eur Respir J 36:385–392

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Bitter T, Westerheide N, Hossain MS et al (2011) Complex sleep apnoea in congestive heart failure. Thorax 66:402–407

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Bitter T, Westerheide N, Hossain SM et al (2012) Symptoms of sleep apnoea in chronic heart failure-results from a prospective cohort study in 1,500 patients. Sleep Breath 16:781–791

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Bitter T, Westerheide N, Prinz C et al (2011) Cheyne-Stokes respiration and obstructive sleep apnoea are independent risk factors for malignant ventricular arrhythmias requiring appropriate cardioverter-defibrillator therapies in patients with congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J 32:61–74

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Bonnet MH, Arand DL (2003) Clinical effects of sleep fragmentation versus sleep deprivation. Sleep Med Rev 7:297–310

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Bonnin-Vilaplana M, Arboix A, Parra O et al (2012) Cheyne-stokes respiration in patients with first-ever lacunar stroke. Sleep Disord 2012:257890

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Bradley TD, Logan AG, Kimoff RJ et al (2005) Continuous positive airway pressure for central sleep apnea and heart failure. N Engl J Med 353:2025–2033

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Brimah P, Oulds F, Olafiranye O et al (2013) Sleep duration and reported functional capacity among black and white US adults. J Clin Sleep Med 9:605–609

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Buchner NJ, Sanner BM, Borgel J et al (2007) Continuous positive airway pressure treatment of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea reduces cardiovascular risk. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 176:1274–1280

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Buchner S, Greimel T, Hetzenecker A et al (2012) Natural course of sleep-disordered breathing after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Respir J 40:1173–1179

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Buchner S, Satzl A, Debl K et al (2014) Impact of sleep-disordered breathing on myocardial salvage and infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 35:192–199

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Calhoun DA, Jones D, Textor S et al (2008) Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research. Hypertension 51:1403–1419

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R et al (2012) 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm 9:632–696

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Campos-Rodriguez F, Martinez-Garcia MA, De La Cruz-Moron I et al (2012) Cardiovascular mortality in women with obstructive sleep apnea with or without continuous positive airway pressure treatment: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 156:115–122

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Capodanno D, Cumbo M, Marchese A et al (2011) Daytime sleepiness does not predict sleep apnoea in patients with coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 151:248–250

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Cassar A, Morgenthaler TI, Lennon RJ et al (2007) Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea is associated with decreased cardiac death after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol 50:1310–1314

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Chou KT, Huang CC, Chen YM et al (2012) Sleep apnea and risk of deep vein thrombosis: a non-randomized, pair-matched cohort study. Am J Med 125:374–380

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Cloward TV, Walker JM, Farney RJ et al (2003) Left ventricular hypertrophy is a common echocardiographic abnormality in severe obstructive sleep apnea and reverses with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 124:594–601

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Cohn JN, Ferrari R, Sharpe N (2000) Cardiac remodeling-concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling. Behalf of an International Forum on Cardiac Remodeling. J Am Coll Cardiol 35:569–582

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Cowie MR, Woehrle H, Wegscheider K et al (2013) Rationale and design of the SERVE-HF study: treatment of sleep-disordered breathing with predominant central sleep apnoea with adaptive servo-ventilation in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 15:937–943

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Damy T, Margarit L, Noroc A et al (2012) Prognostic impact of sleep-disordered breathing and its treatment with nocturnal ventilation for chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 14:1009–1019

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Das AM, Khan M (2012) Obstructive sleep apnea and stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 10:525–535

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Defaye P, De La Cruz I, Marti-Almor J et al (2014) A pacemaker transthoracic impedance sensor with an advanced algorithm to identify severe sleep apnea: the DREAM European study. Heart Rhythm 11(5):842–848

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Dimitri H, Ng M, Brooks AG et al (2012) Atrial remodeling in obstructive sleep apnea: implications for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 9:321–327

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Dimitriadis Z, Wiemer M, Scholtz W et al (2013) Sleep-disordered breathing in patients undergoing transfemoral aortic valve implantation for severe aortic stenosis. Clin Res Cardiol 102:895–903

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Doherty LS, Kiely JL, Swan V et al (2005) Long-term effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 127:2076–2084

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Dumitrascu R, Heitmann J, Seeger W et al (2013) Obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease: lessons from animal studies. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2013:234631

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Dumitrascu R, Tiede H, Eckermann J et al (2013) Sleep apnea in precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Sleep Med 14:247–251

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Eastwood PR, Mcevoy RD, Wheatley J et al (2011) Hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy to treat obstructive sleep apnea: interim feasibility trial results. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:A2726

    Google Scholar 

  54. Engleman HM, Martin SE, Deary IJ et al (1994) Effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on daytime function in sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Lancet 343:572–575

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Epstein MD, Segal LN, Ibrahim SM et al (2010) Snoring and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with pulmonary embolism. Sleep 33:1069–1074

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Fein AS, Shvilkin A, Shah D et al (2013) Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea reduces the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol 62:300–305

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Fietze I, Penzel T (2011) Schlafmedizinische Versorgung in Deutschland. Bundesgesundheitsbl Gesundheitsforsch Gesundheitsschutz 54:1344–1349

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Fietze I, Penzel T, Baumann G et al (2010) Versorgung von Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe in kardiologischen Praxen und Kliniken. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 135:178–183

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Flemons WW, Remmers JE, Gillis AM (1993) Sleep apnea and cardiac arrhythmias. Is there a relationship? Am Rev Respir Dis 148:618–621

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Fletcher EC, Debehnke RD, Lovoi MS et al (1985) Undiagnosed sleep apnea in patients with essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med 103:190–195

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Friedman SE, Andrus BW (2012) Obesity and pulmonary hypertension: a review of pathophysiologic mechanisms. J Obes 2012:505274

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Froelich JJ, Koenig H, Knaak L et al (2008) Relationship between pulmonary artery volumes at computed tomography and pulmonary artery pressures in patients with- and without pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Radiol 67:466–471

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Galie N, Hoeper MM, Humbert M et al (2009) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS), endorsed by the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur Heart J 30:2493–2537

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Gami AS, Hodge DO, Herges RM et al (2007) Obstructive sleep apnea, obesity, and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 49:565–571

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Gami AS, Howard DE, Olson EJ et al (2005) Day-night pattern of sudden death in obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 352:1206–1214

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Gami AS, Olson EJ, Shen WK et al (2013) Obstructive sleep apnea and the risk of sudden cardiac death: a longitudinal study of 10,701 adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 62:610–616

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Gami AS, Pressman G, Caples SM et al (2004) Association of atrial fibrillation and obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 110:364–367

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Gangwisch JE, Heymsfield SB, Boden-Albala B et al (2006) Short sleep duration as a risk factor for hypertension: analyses of the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hypertension 47:833–839

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Garcia-Rio F, Alonso-Fernandez A, Armada E et al (2013) CPAP effect on recurrent episodes in patients with sleep apnea and myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 168:1328–1335

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Garrigue S, Pepin JL, Defaye P et al (2007) High prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome in patients with long-term pacing: the European Multicenter Polysomnographic Study. Circulation 115:1703–1709

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Giles TL, Lasserson TJ, Smith BH et al (2006) Continuous positive airways pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD001106

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Gomez-Gonzalez B, Dominguez-Salazar E, Hurtado-Alvarado G et al (2012) Role of sleep in the regulation of the immune system and the pituitary hormones. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1261:97–106

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Gottlieb DJ, Redline S, Nieto FJ et al (2006) Association of usual sleep duration with hypertension: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Sleep 29:1009–1014

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Gottlieb DJ, Yenokyan G, Newman AB et al (2010) Prospective study of obstructive sleep apnea and incident coronary heart disease and heart failure: the sleep heart health study. Circulation 122:352–360

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Grimm W, Apelt S, Timmesfeld N et al (2013) Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Europace 15:515–522

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Grimm W, Hoffmann J, Menz V et al (1996) Electrophysiologic evaluation of sinus node function and atrioventricular conduction in patients with prolonged ventricular asystole during obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Cardiol 77:1310–1314

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Grunstein R (1995) Obstructive sleep apnoea as a risk factor for hypertension. J Sleep Res 4:166–170

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Guilleminault C, Connolly SJ, Winkle RA (1983) Cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disturbances during sleep in 400 patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Cardiol 52:490–494

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Guilleminault C, Pool P, Motta J et al (1984) Sinus arrest during REM sleep in young adults. N Engl J Med 311:1006–1010

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Gurubhagavatula I, Fields BG, Morales CR et al (2013) Screening for severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in hypertensive outpatients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 15:279–288

    Google Scholar 

  81. Harbison J, O’reilly P, McNicholas WT (2000) Cardiac rhythm disturbances in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Chest 118:591–595

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Haruki N, Takeuchi M, Kaku K et al (2011) Comparison of acute and chronic impact of adaptive servo-ventilation on left chamber geometry and function in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 13:1140–1146

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Healy JS, Connolly SJ, Gold MR et al (2012) Subclinical atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med 366:120–129

    Google Scholar 

  84. Hastings PC, Vazir A, Meadows GE et al (2010) Adaptive servo-ventilation in heart failure patients with sleep apnea: a real world study. Int J Cardiol 139:17–24

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Heitmann J, Greulich T, Reinke C et al (2010) Comparison of the effects of nebivolol and valsartan on BP reduction and sleep apnoea activity in patients with essential hypertension and OSA. Curr Med Res Opin 26:1925–1932

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Herrscher TE, Akre H, Overland B et al (2011) High prevalence of sleep apnea in heart failure outpatients: even in patients with preserved systolic function. J Card Fail 17:420–425

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Heslop P, Smith GD, Metcalfe C et al (2002) Sleep duration and mortality: the effect of short or long sleep duration on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in working men and women. Sleep Med 3:305–314

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Hetland A, Haugaa KH, Olseng M et al (2013) Three months treatment with adaptive servo-ventilation improves cardiac function and physical activity in patients with chronic heart failure and cheyne-stokes respiration in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Cardiology 126:81–90

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Hildenbrand FF, Bloch KE, Speich R et al (2012) Daytime measurements underestimate nocturnal oxygen desaturations in pulmonary arterial and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Respiration 84:477–484

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Hoeper MM, Andreas S, Bastian A et al (2011) Pulmonale Hypertonie bei chronischen Lungenerkrankungen. Empfehlungen der Kölner Konsensus-Konferenz 2010. Pneumologie 65:208–218

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson A et al (2007) The AASM Manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester

  92. Javaheri S (2000) Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on sleep apnea and ventricular irritability in patients with heart failure. Circulation 101:392–397

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Javaheri S, Caref EB, Chen E et al (2011) Sleep apnea testing and outcomes in a large cohort of Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:539–546

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Javaheri S, Shukla R, Zeigler H et al (2007) Central sleep apnea, right ventricular dysfunction, and low diastolic blood pressure are predictors of mortality in systolic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 49:2028–2034

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Jilek C, Krenn M, Sebah D et al (2011) Prognostic impact of sleep disordered breathing and its treatment in heart failure: an observational study. Eur J Heart Fail 13:68–75

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Jilwan FN, Escourrou P, Garcia G et al (2013) High occurrence of hypoxemic sleep respiratory disorders in precapillary pulmonary hypertension and mechanisms. Chest 143:47–55

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Kanagala R, Murali NS, Friedman PA et al (2003) Obstructive sleep apnea and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 107:2589–2594

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Kara T, Novak M, Nykodym J et al (2008) Short-term effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on sleep-disordered breathing in patients with systolic heart failure. Chest 134:87–93

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Karkoulias K, Lykouras D, Sampsonas F et al (2010) The role of Endothelin-1 in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis and Endothelin-1 antagonists. Curr Med Chem 17:1059–1066

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Kasai T, Floras JS, Bradley TD (2012) Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: a bidirectional relationship. Circulation 126:1495–1510

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Kasai T, Kasagi S, Maeno K et al (2013) Adaptive servo-ventilation in cardiac function and neurohormonal status in patients with heart failure and central sleep apnea nonresponsive to continuous positive airway pressure. JACC Heart Fail 1:58–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Kasai T, Narui K, Dohi T et al (2005) Efficacy of nasal bi-level positive airway pressure in congestive heart failure patients with Cheyne-Stokes respiration and central sleep apnea. Circ J 69:913–921

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Kasai T, Narui K, Dohi T et al (2008) Prognosis of patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 133:690–696

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Kasai T, Usui Y, Yoshioka T et al (2010) Effect of flow-triggered adaptive servo-ventilation compared with continuous positive airway pressure in patients with chronic heart failure with coexisting obstructive sleep apnea and Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Circ Heart Fail 3:140–148

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Kassenärztliche Vereinigung (2005) Beschluss über eine Änderung der Richtlinien zur Bewertung medizinischer Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden gemäß § 135 Abs. 1 des Fünften Buches Sozialgesetzbuch (BUB-Richtlinien) in Anlage A „Anerkannte Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden“ vom 15. Juni 2004/21. September 2004. Dtsch Ärztebl PP:133–134

    Google Scholar 

  106. Kauppert CA, Dvorak I, Kollert F et al (2013) Pulmonary hypertension in obesity-hypoventilation syndrome. Respir Med 107:2061–2070

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Kezirian EJ, Goding GS Jr, Malhotra A et al (2014) Hypoglossal nerve stimulation improves obstructive sleep apnea: 12-month outcomes. J Sleep Res 23:77–83

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Koshino Y, Satoh M, Katayose Y et al (2008) Association of sleep-disordered breathing and ventricular arrhythmias in patients without heart failure. Am J Cardiol 101:882–886

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Kreuz J, Skowasch D, Horlbeck F et al (2013) Usefulness of sleep-disordered breathing to predict occurrence of appropriate and inappropriate implantable-cardioverter defibrillator therapy in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Am J Cardiol 111:1319–1323

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Kuniyoshi FH, Garcia-Touchard A, Gami AS et al (2008) Day-night variation of acute myocardial infarction in obstructive sleep apnea. J Am Coll Cardiol 52:343–346

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Latina JM, Estes NA III, Garlitski AC (2013) The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation: a complex interplay. Pulm Med 2013:621736

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Lee CH, Khoo SM, Tai BC et al (2009) Obstructive sleep apnea in patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction. Prevalence, predictors, and effect on microvascular perfusion. Chest 135:1488–1495

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Leung RS, Huber MA, Rogge T et al (2005) Association between atrial fibrillation and central sleep apnea. Sleep 28:1543–1546

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Levy P, Ryan S, Oldenburg O et al (2013) Sleep apnoea and the heart. Eur Respir Rev 22:333–352

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Lopez-Jimenez F, Sert Kuniyoshi FH, Gami A et al (2008) Obstructive sleep apnea: implications for cardiac and vascular disease. Chest 133:793–804

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Macedo PG, Brugada J, Leinveber P et al (2011) Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with the Brugada syndrome. Am J Cardiol 107:709–713

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Mackiewicz M, Naidoo N, Zimmerman JE et al (2008) Molecular mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:335–349

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al (2013) 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 34:2159–2219

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Marin JM, Agusti A, Villar I et al (2012) Association between treated and untreated obstructive sleep apnea and risk of hypertension. JAMA 307:2169–2176

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Vicente E et al (2005) Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet 365:1046–1053

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Martinez-Garcia MA, Campos-Rodriguez F, Catalan-Serra P et al (2012) Cardiovascular mortality in obstructive sleep apnea in the elderly: role of long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment: a prospective observational study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 186:909–916

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Martinez-Garcia MA, Galiano-Blancart R, Roman-Sanchez P et al (2005) Continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea prevents new vascular events after ischemic stroke. Chest 128:2123–2129

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Mason M, Welsh EJ, Smith I (2013) Drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 5:CD003002

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Mauser W, Sandrock S, Demming T et al (2013) Sleep disordered breathing is an independent risk factor for left atrial enlargement in patients with congestive heart failure. Int J Cardiol 167:2323–2324

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Mayer G, Fietze I, Fischer J et al (2009) S3-Leitlinie Nicht erholsamer Schlaf/Schlafstörungen. Somnologie 13:4–160

    Google Scholar 

  126. McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD et al (2012) ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 14:803–869

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Mehra R, Benjamin EJ, Shahar E et al (2006) Association of nocturnal arrhythmias with sleep-disordered breathing: the sleep heart health study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:910–916

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Mehra R, Stone KL, Varosy PD et al (2009) Nocturnal Arrhythmias across a spectrum of obstructive and central sleep-disordered breathing in older men: outcomes of sleep disorders in older men (MrOS sleep) study. Arch Intern Med 169:1147–1155

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Meslier N, Gagnadoux F, Giraud P et al (2003) Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Eur Respir J 22:156–160

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Miller G (2009) Neuroscience. Sleeping to reset overstimulated synapses. Science 324:22

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Milleron O, Pilliere R, Foucher A et al (2004) Benefits of obstructive sleep apnoea treatment in coronary artery disease: a long-term follow-up study. Eur Heart J 25:728–734

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Minai OA, Ricaurte B, Kaw R et al (2009) Frequency and impact of pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Cardiol 104:1300–1306

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Monahan K, Brewster J, Wang L et al (2012) Relation of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in response to anti-arrhythmic drugs in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Am J Cardiol 110:369–372

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Monahan K, Storfer-Isser A, Mehra R et al (2009) Triggering of nocturnal arrhythmias by sleep-disordered breathing events. J Am Coll Cardiol 54:1797–1804

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Montemurro LT, Floras JS, Millar PJ et al (2012) Inverse relationship of subjective daytime sleepiness to sympathetic activity in heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 142(5):1222–1228

    Google Scholar 

  136. Morselli LL, Guyon A, Spiegel K (2012) Sleep and metabolic function. Pflugers Arch 463:139–160

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Mwenge GB, Rombaux P, Dury M et al (2013) Targeted hypoglossal neurostimulation for obstructive sleep apnoea: a 1-year pilot study. Eur Respir J 41:360–367

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Nakashima H, Katayama T, Takagi C et al (2006) Obstructive sleep apnoea inhibits the recovery of left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 27:2317–2322

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Namtvedt SK, Randby A, Einvik G et al (2011) Cardiac arrhythmias in obstructive sleep apnea (from the Akershus Sleep Apnea Project). Am J Cardiol 108:1141–1146

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Naruse Y, Tada H, Satoh M et al (2013) Concomitant obstructive sleep apnea increases the recurrence of atrial fibrillation following radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: clinical impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Heart Rhythm 10:331–337

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Naruse Y, Tada H, Satoh M et al (2012) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation decreases a sleep-disordered breathing parameter during a short follow-up period. Circ J 76:2096–2103

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Ng CY, Liu T, Shehata M et al (2011) Meta-analysis of obstructive sleep apnea as predictor of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. Am J Cardiol 108:47–51

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Ogawa Y, Kanbayashi T, Saito Y et al (2003) Total sleep deprivation elevates blood pressure through arterial baroreflex resetting: a study with microneurographic technique. Sleep 26:986–989

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Oldenburg O (2012) Cheyne-stokes respiration in chronic heart failure. Treatment with adaptive servoventilation therapy. Circ J 76:2305–2317

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Oldenburg O, Bitter T, Lehmann R et al (2011) Adaptive servoventilation improves cardiac function and respiratory stability. Clin Res Cardiol 100:107–115

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Oldenburg O, Bitter T, Wellmann B et al (2013) Trilevel adaptive servoventilation for the treatment of central and mixed sleep apnea in chronic heart failure patients. Sleep Med 14:422–427

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Oldenburg O, Bitter T, Wiemer M et al (2009) Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure in heart failure patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Med 10:726–730

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Oldenburg O, Faber L, Vogt J et al (2007) Influence of cardiac resynchronisation therapy on different types of sleep disordered breathing. Eur J Heart Fail 9:820–826

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Oldenburg O, Lamp B, Faber L et al (2007) Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with symptomatic heart failure: a contemporary study of prevalence in and characteristics of 700 patients. Eur J Heart Fail 9:251–257

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Oldenburg O, Lamp B, Freivogel K et al (2008) Low night-to-night variability of sleep disordered breathing in patients with stable congestive heart failure. Clin Res Cardiol 97:836–842

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Oldenburg O, Lamp B, Freudenberg G et al (2007) Screening for sleep-disordered breathing is recommended in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Respir J 30:1023 (author reply 1023–1024)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Oldenburg O, Lamp B, Topfer V et al (2007) Prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders in ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 132:661–666

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Oldenburg O, Schmidt A, Lamp B et al (2008) Adaptive servoventilation improves cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Eur J Heart Fail 10:581–586

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Oliven A (2011) Treating obstructive sleep apnea with hypoglossal nerve stimulation. Curr Opin Pulm Med 17:419–424

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Organisation ES (2008) Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008. Cerebrovasc Dis 25:457–507

    Google Scholar 

  156. Osterspey A (2006) Erstellung von Leitlinien in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e. V. Clin Res Cardiol 95:692–695

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Owan TE, Hodge DO, Herges RM et al (2006) Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 355:251–259

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Parati G, Lombardi C, Hedner J et al (2012) Position paper on the management of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension: joint recommendations by the European Society of Hypertension, by the European Respiratory Society and by the members of European COST (COoperation in Scientific and Technological research) ACTION B26 on obstructive sleep apnea. J Hypertens 30:633–646

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Patel D, Mohanty P, Di Biase L et al (2010) Safety and efficacy of pulmonary vein antral isolation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: the impact of continuous positive airway pressure. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 3:445–451

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Pedrosa RP, Drager LF, Gonzaga CC et al (2011) Obstructive sleep apnea: the most common secondary cause of hypertension associated with resistant hypertension. Hypertension 58:811–817

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Penzel T, Blau A, Garcia C et al (2013) Diagnostik schlafbezogener Atmungsstörungen mittels portabler Verfahren. Pneumologie 67:112–117

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. Pepin JL, Tamisier R, Barone-Rochette G et al (2010) Comparison of continuous positive airway pressure and valsartan in hypertensive patients with sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 182:954–960

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M et al (2000) Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 342:1378–1384

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Pepperell JC, Maskell NA, Jones DR et al (2003) A randomized controlled trial of adaptive ventilation for Cheyne-Stokes breathing in heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168:1109–1114

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Philippe C, Stoica-Herman M, Drouot X et al (2006) Compliance with and effectiveness of adaptive servoventilation versus continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of Cheyne-Stokes respiration in heart failure over a six month period. Heart 92:337–342

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  166. Phillips CL, Grunstein RR, Darendeliler MA et al (2013) Health outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure versus oral appliance treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 187:879–887

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Podszus T, Seevers H, Mayer G et al (2009) Positionspapier „Schlafmedizin in der Kardiologie“. Kardiologe 3:9–15

    Google Scholar 

  168. Poms AD, Turner M, Farber HW et al (2013) Comorbid conditions and outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a REVEAL registry analysis. Chest 144:169–176

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  169. Ponikowski P, Javaheri S, Michalkiewicz D et al (2012) Transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation for the treatment of central sleep apnoea in heart failure. Eur Heart J 33:889–894

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  170. Prinz C, Bitter T, Oldenburg O et al (2011) Sleep apnoea in severe aortic stenosis. Postgrad Med J 87:458–462

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  171. Prinz C, Bitter T, Oldenburg O et al (2011) Incidence of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Congest Heart Fail 17:19–24

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  172. Prinz C, Bitter T, Piper C et al (2010) Sleep apnea is common in patients with coronary artery disease. Wien Med Wochenschr 160:349–355

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. Randerath WJ, Nothofer G, Priegnitz C et al (2012) Long-term auto-servoventilation or constant positive pressure in heart failure and coexisting central with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 142:440–447

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Randerath WJ, Verbraecken J, Andreas S et al (2011) Non-CPAP therapies in obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 37:1000–1028

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Rasch B, Born J (2013) About sleep’s role in memory. Physiol Rev 93:681–766

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  176. Redline S, Yenokyan G, Gottlieb DJ et al (2010) Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and incident stroke: the sleep heart health study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 182:269–277

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Reinhard W, Plappert N, Zeman F et al (2013) Prognostic impact of sleep duration and sleep efficiency on mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. Sleep Med 14:502–509

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Ribeiro S (2012) Sleep and plasticity. Pflugers Arch 463:111–120

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  179. Roca GQ, Redline S, Punjabi N et al (2013) Sleep apnea is associated with subclinical myocardial injury in the community. the ARIC-SHHS study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 188:1460–1465

    PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Pellikka PA et al (2007) Decreased right and left ventricular myocardial performance in obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 132:1863–1870

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Rosen CL, Auckley D, Benca R et al (2012) A multisite randomized trial of portable sleep studies and positive airway pressure autotitration versus laboratory-based polysomnography for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: the HomePAP study. Sleep 35:757–767

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Ryan CM, Usui K, Floras JS et al (2005) Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on ventricular ectopy in heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 60:781–785

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  183. Sauer WH, McKernan ML, Lin D et al (2006) Clinical predictors and outcomes associated with acute return of pulmonary vein conduction during pulmonary vein isolation for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 3:1024–1028

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  184. Schlack R, Hapke U, Maske U et al (2013) Häufigkeit und Verteilung von Schlafproblemen und Insomnie in der deutschen Erwachsenenbevölkerung: Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsbl Gesundheitsforsch Gesundheitsschutz 56:740–748

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Schulz R, Blau A, Borgel J et al (2007) Sleep apnoea in heart failure. Eur Respir J 29:1201–1205

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Schwartz AR, Bennett ML, Smith PL et al (2001) Therapeutic electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve in obstructive sleep apnea. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 127:1216–1223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  187. Sega R, Facchetti R, Bombelli M et al (2005) Prognostic value of ambulatory and home blood pressures compared with office blood pressure in the general population: follow-up results from the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate e Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study. Circulation 111:1777–1783

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  188. Shahar E, Whitney CW, Redline S et al (2001) Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease: cross-sectional results of the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163:19–25

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  189. Sharma BK, Bakker JP, Mcsharry DG et al (2012) Adaptive servoventilation for treatment of sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 142:1211–1221

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  190. Sharma SK, Agrawal S, Damodaran D et al (2011) CPAP for the metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 365:2277–2286

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  191. Simantirakis EN, Schiza SI, Marketou ME et al (2004) Severe bradyarrhythmias in patients with sleep apnoea: the effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment: a long-term evaluation using an insertable loop recorder. Eur Heart J 25:1070–1076

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Simonneau G, Gatzoulis MA, Adatia I et al (2013) Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 62:D34–D41

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Sinha AM, Skobel EC, Breithardt OA et al (2004) Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves central sleep apnea and Cheyne-Stokes respiration in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 44:68–71

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  194. Somers VK, White DP, Amin R et al (2008) Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: an American Heart Association/american College Of Cardiology Foundation Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Council for High Blood Pressure Research Professional Education Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke Council, and Council On Cardiovascular Nursing. In collaboration with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (National Institutes of Health). Circulation 118:1080–1111

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  195. Stegman SS, Burroughs JM, Henthorn RW (1996) Asymptomatic bradyarrhythmias as a marker for sleep apnea: appropriate recognition and treatment may reduce the need for pacemaker therapy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 19:899–904

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  196. Steiner S, Hennersdorf M, Strauer B (2007) Obstructive sleep apnea and coronary artery disease: evidence for a causal relationship. In: Knieffer MA (Hrsg) New sleep apnea research. Nova Sciences Publishers, Hauppage, NY, S 141–154

  197. Stevenson IH, Teichtahl H, Cunnington D et al (2008) Prevalence of sleep disordered breathing in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation patients with normal left ventricular function. Eur Heart J 29:1662–1669

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Strollo PJ Jr, Soose RJ, Maurer JT et al (2014) Upper-airway stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 370:139–149

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Teschler H, Dohring J, Wang YM et al (2001) Adaptive pressure support servo-ventilation: a novel treatment for Cheyne-Stokes respiration in heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 164:614–619

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Tomaello L, Zanolla L, Vassanelli C et al (2010) Sleep disordered breathing is associated with appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in congestive heart failure patients. Clin Cardiol 33:E27–E30

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  201. Van Cauter E, Spiegel K, Tasali E et al (2008) Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Med 9(Suppl 1):S23–S28

    Google Scholar 

  202. Varendh M, Berg S, Andersson M (2012) Long-term follow-up of patients operated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty from 1985 to 1991. Respir Med 106:1788–1793

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. Virolainen J, Ventila M, Turto H et al (1995) Effect of negative intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular pressure dynamics and relaxation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 79:455–460

    Google Scholar 

  204. Wachter R, Luthje L, Klemmstein D et al (2013) Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea on diastolic function. Eur Respir J 41:376–383

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  205. Wang H, Parker JD, Newton GE et al (2007) Influence of obstructive sleep apnea on mortality in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 49:1625–1631

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  206. Windisch H, Walterspacher S, Siemon K et al (2010) Guidelines for non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation for treatment of chronic respiratory failure. Pneumologie 64:640–652

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  207. Wisor JP (2012) A metabolic-transcriptional network links sleep and cellular energetics in the brain. Pflugers Arch 463:15–22

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  208. Woehrle H, Arzt M, Oldenburg O et al (2012) Prevalence and predictors of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with stable chronic heart failure: the SchlaHF-Registry. Eur Heart J 33(Suppl 1):665

    Google Scholar 

  209. Wolff B, Volzke H, Schwahn C et al (2008) Relation of self-reported sleep duration with carotid intima-media thickness in a general population sample. Atherosclerosis 196:727–732

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  210. Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN et al (2005) Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N Engl J Med 353:2034–2041

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Yildirim SV, Durmaz C, Pourbagher MA et al (2006) A case of achondroplasia with severe pulmonary hypertension due to obstructive sleep apnea. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 263:775–777

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Yiu KH, Lee KL, Lau CP et al (2008) Alleviation of pulmonary hypertension by cardiac resynchronization therapy is associated with improvement in central sleep apnea. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 31:1522–1527

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  213. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J et al (1993) The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 328:1230–1235

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  214. Zeidan-Shwiri T, Aronson D, Atalla K et al (2011) Circadian pattern of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia in patients with sleep-disordered breathing and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Heart Rhythm 8:657–662

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Den Interessenkonflikt der Autoren finden Sie online auf der DGK-Homepage unter http://leitlinien.dgk.org/ bei der entsprechenden Publikation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kardiologische Klinik, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Universitätsklinikum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Deutschland

    O. Oldenburg & T. Bitter

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland

    M. Arzt

  3. Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland

    H. Bonnemeier

  4. Abteilung Innere Medizin, Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland

    F. Edelmann

  5. Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Deutschland

    F. Edelmann

  6. Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum, Centrum für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    I. Fietze, C. Schöbel & T. Penzel

  7. Medizinisches Versorgungs- und Rehabilitationszentrum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland

    T. Podszus

  8. Medizinische Fakultät, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland

    T. Schäfer

  9. Katholische Stiftung Marienhospital Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    E. Skobel

  10. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland

    D. Skowasch

  11. Zentrum Innere Medizin, Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland

    C. Nienaber

Authors
  1. O. Oldenburg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Arzt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Bitter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. H. Bonnemeier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. F. Edelmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. I. Fietze
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. T. Podszus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. T. Schäfer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. C. Schöbel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. E. Skobel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. D. Skowasch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. T. Penzel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. C. Nienaber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to O. Oldenburg.

Additional information

C. Nienaber für die Kommission für Klinische Kardiologie.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Oldenburg, O., Arzt, M., Bitter, T. et al. Positionspapier „Schlafmedizin in der Kardiologie“. Kardiologe 9, 140–158 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-015-0654-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-015-0654-8

Search

Navigation