Abstract
How to determine the pesticide residues in vegetable is an urgent problem. In this study, we reported a new method of solid-phase extraction coupled to capillary electrophoresis (SPE–CE) based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for determination of trace trichlorfon. The electrophoretic conditions and factors which affected the molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the linear ranges of the calibration graph were 0.1 μg/L to 10 mg/L. The limit of detection (LOD) and method quantitation limit (MQL) were 4.9 and 16.2 μg/kg, respectively. With a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min for 50 mL loading, an enrichment factor of 160 was obtained. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for five replicate extractions of 0.01 mg/L trichlorfon standard solution was 4.5 %. The blank cucumber, lettuce, and radish samples spiked with trichlorfon at three levels were extracted and determined by this presented method with recoveries ranging from 77.6 to 93.2 %. Moreover, this proposed methodology was successfully applied to the quantitative detection of the trichlorfon residues in the leek samples, and the results were in good agreement with that obtained by the gas chromatography method.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31171699), the Post-doctoral Innovation Foundation of Shandong Province, China (no. 200902012) and Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (no. J11LC30).
Compliance with Ethics Requirements
We have no financial relationship with the organization that sponsored the research. Dr. Zhixiang Xu has received research grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Shandong Province, and the Department of Education of Shandong Province.
Conflict of Interest
Tao Zhao has no conflict of interest. Huiju Gao has no conflict of interest. Xilong Wang has no conflict of interest. Limin Zhang has no conflict of interest. Xuguang Qiao has no conflict of interest. Zhixiang Xu has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.
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Huiju Gao and Tao Zhao contributed equally to this work.
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Zhao, T., Gao, H., Wang, X. et al. Study on a Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled to Capillary Electrophoresis Method for the Determination of Trace Trichlorfon in Vegetables. Food Anal. Methods 7, 1159–1165 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9729-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9729-y