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Mammography Adherence in African-American Women: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Abstract

Background

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women in the developed world. Mammography screening is especially important for African-Americans because they experience a greater mortality (OR = 1.38) than Caucasians despite having a lower incidence of breast cancer.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two interventions with usual care on mammography adherence among African-American women.

Methods

A subsample of African-American women (n = 244) aged 41–65 years who had not had a mammogram in the last 15 months and no history of breast cancer was randomly assigned to receive (1) mailed interactive DVD, (2) computer-tailored telephone counseling, or (3) usual care.

Results

The DVD intervention was five times more effective than usual care for promoting mammography screening at 6 months follow-up among women who earned less than $30,000 (OR = 5.3). Compared to usual care, neither the DVD nor phone produced significant effects for women with household incomes >$30,000.

Conclusion

Use of a mailed DVD for low-income African-American women may be an effective way to increase mammography adherence.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this research was provided by the Institute for Nursing Research at the National Institutes of Health [grant number R01 NR008434]/Clinical Trials Number NCT000287040. In addition, Wambui is a predoctoral fellow funded by the Training in Research for Behavioral Oncology and Cancer Control Program—R25 (PI: Champion). Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R25 CA117865-07S1 and K05CA175048. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Conflict of Interest

Wambui Gathirua-Mwangi, Patrick Monahan, Timothy Stump, Susan Rawl, Celette Skinner, and Victoria Champion declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Adherence

All procedures, including the informed consent process, were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation. The research complies with ethical guidelines and was approved by the research ethics committee at Duke and Indiana Universities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 714 N Senate Avenue, Suite EF 209, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Wambui G. Gathirua-Mwangi PhD(c), MPH & Patrick O. Monahan PhD

  2. Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Patrick O. Monahan PhD, Susan M. Rawl PhD & Victoria L. Champion PhD, RN, FAAN

  3. Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Timothy Stump MA

  4. School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Susan M. Rawl PhD & Victoria L. Champion PhD, RN, FAAN

  5. University of Texas Southwestern Harold C Simmons Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Celette Sugg Skinner PhD

Authors
  1. Wambui G. Gathirua-Mwangi PhD(c), MPH
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  2. Patrick O. Monahan PhD
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  3. Timothy Stump MA
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  4. Susan M. Rawl PhD
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  5. Celette Sugg Skinner PhD
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  6. Victoria L. Champion PhD, RN, FAAN
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wambui G. Gathirua-Mwangi PhD(c), MPH.

Additional information

(ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT00287040)

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Gathirua-Mwangi, W.G., Monahan, P.O., Stump, T. et al. Mammography Adherence in African-American Women: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. ann. behav. med. 50, 70–78 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-015-9733-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-015-9733-0

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