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The Alberta Diabetes and Physical Activity Trial (ADAPT):A Randomized Trial Evaluating Theory-Based Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Abstract

Background

Physical activity (PA) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, most T2DM adults are insufficiently active.

Purpose

To explore the effectiveness of two innovative/theoretically based behavioral-change strategies to increase PA and reduce hemoglobin A1c (A1c) in T2DM adults.

Methods

Participants (n = 287) were randomly assigned to a control group or an intervention group (i.e., print-based materials/pedometer group or print-based materials/pedometer plus telephone-counseling group). Changes in PA and A1c and other clinical measures were examined by Linear Mixed Model analyses over 18 months, along with moderating effects for gender and age.

Results

PA and A1c levels did not significantly change in intervention groups. Step counts significantly increased in the print-based materials and pedometer plus telephone counseling group, for women.

Conclusions

No significant effects were found for PA or A1c levels for T2DM adults. The multi-component strategy including telephone counseling may have potential for women. The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00221234.

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Notes

  1. A very small percentage of outliers were found. As an example, at baseline, the percentage of outliers in the Control group, Group 2 and Group 3 for moderate and vigorous PA weekly minutes were 1.1 %, 1.0 % and 2.1 %, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. RCP was supported by Salary Awards from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Applied Public Health Chair Program) and the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (Health Scholar) during the project, and is currently supported by a Senior Research Fellowship Salary Award from the National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC). KSC is supported by the Canadian Research Chair Program. RJS is supported by Salary Awards from the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (Health Senior Scholar). JAJ is supported by the Canadian Research Chair Program and the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (Health Senior Scholar).

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

    R. C. Plotnikoff PhD

  2. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    N. Karunamuni MSc & J. A. Johnson PhD

  3. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    K. S. Courneya PhD

  4. Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    R. J. Sigal MD, MPH

  5. Centre for Nursing and Health Studies, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada

    S. T. Johnson PhD

Authors
  1. R. C. Plotnikoff PhD
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  2. N. Karunamuni MSc
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  3. K. S. Courneya PhD
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  4. R. J. Sigal MD, MPH
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  5. J. A. Johnson PhD
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  6. S. T. Johnson PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. C. Plotnikoff PhD.

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Plotnikoff, R.C., Karunamuni, N., Courneya, K.S. et al. The Alberta Diabetes and Physical Activity Trial (ADAPT):A Randomized Trial Evaluating Theory-Based Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. ann. behav. med. 45, 45–56 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-012-9405-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-012-9405-2

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