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Ecosystem Services of Woody Crop Production Systems

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Abstract

Short-rotation woody crops are an integral component of regional and national energy portfolios, as well as providing essential ecosystem services such as biomass supplies, carbon sinks, clean water, and healthy soils. We review recent USDA Forest Service Research and Development efforts from the USDA Biomass Research Centers on the provisioning of these ecosystem services from woody crop production systems. For biomass, we highlight productivity and yield potential, pest susceptibility, and bioenergy siting applications. We describe carbon storage in aboveground woody biomass and studies assessing the provision of clean and plentiful water. Soil protection and wildlife habitat are also mentioned, in the context of converting lands from traditional row-crop agriculture to woody production systems.

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Abbreviations

δ13C:

Leaf carbon isotope composition

3-PG:

Physiological Principles Predicting Growth model

AHA:

Auburn Harvest Analyzer

BioSAT:

Biomass Site Assessment Tools

DBH:

Diameter at breast height

FIA:

USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis

FRCS:

USDA Forest Service Fuel Reduction Simulator

GIS:

Geographic information system

LAI:

Leaf area index

MAV:

Mississippi Alluvial Valley

MSW:

Municipal solid waste

OPEC:

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

SRIC:

Short-rotation intensive culture

SRWC:

Short-rotation woody crops

USDA ARS:

USDA Agricultural Research Service

USDA FS:

USDA Forest Service

USDA FS R&D:

USDA Forest Service Research and Development

USDA NASS:

USDA National Agriculture Statistics Service

WUE:

Water use efficiency

ZCTA:

ZIP Code Tabulation Area

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Acknowledgments

The majority of the research described in this paper was supported by the USDA Forest Service as collaborations associated with the USDA Biomass Research Centers. In addition to agency colleagues, we are grateful to the many external partners who made these collective efforts possible and to the countless number of people who helped us with laboratory, greenhouse, and field work. Furthermore, we thank Dr. Marilyn Buford for her USDA Forest Service leadership, Sue Lietz for producing Fig. 1, and Edmund Bauer and Max Piana for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, Rhinelander, WI, USA

    Ronald S. Zalesny Jr

  2. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Forest Disturbance Science, Athens, GA, USA

    John A. Stanturf

  3. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, Stoneville, MS, USA

    Emile S. Gardiner

  4. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Products Center, Knoxville, TN, USA

    James H. Perdue

  5. Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA

    Timothy M. Young

  6. D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    David R. Coyle

  7. Southern Regional Extension Forestry, Athens, GA, USA

    David R. Coyle

  8. Division of Agriculture, Arkansas Forest Resources Center, University of Arkansas, Monticello, AR, USA

    William L. Headlee

  9. School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Arkansas at Monticello, Monticello, AR, USA

    William L. Headlee

  10. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Water Management Research Unit, Parlier, CA, USA

    Gary S. Bañuelos

  11. Agricultural and Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV, USA

    Amir Hass

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  1. Ronald S. Zalesny Jr
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Correspondence to Ronald S. Zalesny Jr.

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Ecosystem services associated with research sites of USDA Forest Service researchers and their collaborators for woody crop production systems in the USA (DOC 177 kb)

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Zalesny, R.S., Stanturf, J.A., Gardiner, E.S. et al. Ecosystem Services of Woody Crop Production Systems. Bioenerg. Res. 9, 465–491 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9737-z

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