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Glucose uptake of the muscle and adipose tissues in diabetes and obesity disease models: evaluation of insulin and β3-adrenergic receptor agonist effects by 18F-FDG

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Abstract

Objective

One of the major causes of diabetes and obesity is abnormality in glucose metabolism and glucose uptake in the muscle and adipose tissue based on an insufficient action of insulin. Therefore, many of the drug discovery programs are based on the concept of stimulating glucose uptake in these tissues. Improvement of glucose metabolism has been assessed based on blood parameters, but these merely reflect the systemic reaction to the drug administered. We have conducted basic studies to investigate the usefulness of glucose uptake measurement in various muscle and adipose tissues in pharmacological tests using disease-model animals.

Methods

A radiotracer for glucose, 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG), was administered to Wistar fatty rats (type 2 diabetes model), DIO mouse (obese model), and the corresponding control animals, and the basal glucose uptake in the muscle and adipose (white and brown) tissues were compared using biodistribution method. Moreover, insulin and a β3 agonist (CL316,243), which are known to stimulate glucose uptake in the muscle and adipose tissues, were administered to assess their effect. 18F-FDG uptake in each tissue was measured as the radioactivity and the distribution was confirmed by autoradiography.

Results

In Wistar fatty rats, all the tissues measured showed a decrease in the basal level of glucose uptake when compared to Wistar lean rats. On the other hand, the same trend was observed only in the white adipose tissue in DIO mice, while brown adipose tissue showed increments in the basal glucose uptake in this model. Insulin administration stimulated glucose uptake in both Wistar lean and fatty rats, although the responses were inhibited in Wistar fatty rats. The same tendency was shown also in control mice, but clear increments in glucose uptake were not observed in the muscle and brown adipose tissue of DIO mice after insulin administration. β3 agonist administration showed the similar trend in Wistar lean and fatty rats as insulin, while the responses were inhibited in the adipose tissues of Wistar fatty rats.

Conclusion

A system to monitor tissue glucose uptake with 18F-FDG enabled us to detect clear differences in basal glucose uptake between disease-model animals and their corresponding controls. The responses in the tissues to insulin or β3 agonist could be identified. Taken as a whole, the biodistribution method with 18F-FDG was confirmed to be useful for pharmacological evaluation of anti-diabetic or anti-obesity drugs using disease-model animals.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate Mr. Yoshiteru Yamashita (Technical Services for Animal Research, Takeda Rabics. Fujisawa, Japan) doing the rat vein catheterization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrated Technology Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan

    Seigo Ishino, Taku Sugita, Yusuke Kondo, Mika Okai, Ikuo Mori, Masaki Hosoya, Takashi Horiguchi & Hidenori Kamiguchi

  2. CVM-DDU, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan

    Kazue Tsuchimori & Masanori Watanabe

  3. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan

    Takashi Horiguchi

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  1. Seigo Ishino
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  2. Taku Sugita
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Correspondence to Seigo Ishino.

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Ishino, S., Sugita, T., Kondo, Y. et al. Glucose uptake of the muscle and adipose tissues in diabetes and obesity disease models: evaluation of insulin and β3-adrenergic receptor agonist effects by 18F-FDG. Ann Nucl Med 31, 413–423 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-017-1169-0

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