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Performance profile of FDG-PET and PET/CT for cancer screening on the basis of a Japanese Nationwide Survey

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study is to survey the situation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening in Japan and to describe its performance profile.

Methods

“FDG-PET for cancer screening” was defined as FDG-PET or positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scan with or without other tests performed for cancer screening of healthy subjects. We sent questionnaires regarding FDG-PET cancer screening to 99 facilities in which FDG-PET tests were performed during the fiscal year 2005. Replies were obtained from 68 of the 99 facilities, of which 46 facilities performed FDG-PET cancer screening. The total number of subjects who underwent FDG-PET cancer screening was 50 558. From 38 of 46 facilities, reliable results of thorough examinations were obtained for the subjects who were positive by FDG-PET and/or one or more of the combined screening tests was performed and were referred for further evaluation. The total number of subjects in these 38 facilities amounted to 43 996.

Results

A total of 50 558 healthy subjects underwent FDG-PET (including PET/CT) scanning with or without other tests for cancer screening in 46 PET centers during the fiscal year of 2005 in Japan. Thorough examination was indicated for 9.8% of the cases as a result of positive findings suggesting possible cancer. On analyzing 43 996 cases from 38 PET centers from which detailed information was obtained, 500 cases of cancers (1.14%) were found, of which 0.90% were PET positive and 0.24% were PET negative, resulting in the relative sensitivity of PET being 79.0%. Cancers of the thyroid, colon/rectum, lung, and breast were most frequently found (107, 102, 79, and 35 cases, respectively) with high PET sensitivity (88%, 90%, 80%, and 92%). PET showed an overall positive predictive value of 29.0%. PET/CT had a better detection rate, sensitivity, and positive predictive value than dedicated PET (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

We were able to clarify the performance profile of “FDG-PET for cancer screening” on the basis of a Japanese nationwide survey. The number of facilities possessing PET is increasing steadily, highlighting the necessity of evaluating the usefulness of “FDG-PET cancer screening” as soon as possible by undertaking long-term investigations of large series of subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan

    Ryogo Minamimoto & Tomio Inoue

  2. Division of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan

    Michio Senda

  3. Nishidai Clinic Diagnostic Imaging Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Kimiichi Uno

  4. Atsuchi Memorial Institute of Radiology, Atsuchi Memorial Clinic PET Center, Kagoshima, Japan

    Seishi Jinnouchi

  5. National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan

    Takeshi Iinuma

  6. Department of Brain Science and Molecular Imaging, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ohbu, Japan

    Kengo Ito

  7. Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Koyto, Japan

    Chio Okuyama

  8. Positron Imaging Center, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan

    Kazuhiro Oguchi

  9. Yuai Clinic, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Radiology, Yokohama, Japan

    Masami Kawamoto

  10. HIMEDIC Imaging Center at Lake Yamanaka, Yamanashi, Japan

    Yutaka Suzuki

  11. Medical Cooperation Teishinkai Central CI Clinic, Sapporo, Japan

    Eriko Tsukamoto

  12. Cancer Screening Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Takashi Terauchi

  13. Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center, Kumamoto, Japan

    Rumi Nakashima

  14. Department of Radiology, Nagoya PET Imaging Center, Nagoya, Japan

    Masami Nishio

  15. Hamamatsu Medical Imaging Center, Hamamatsu Medical Photonics Foundation, Hamamatsu, Japan

    Sadahiko Nishizawa

  16. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Hiroshi Fukuda

  17. Department of Radiology, Koga Hospital 21 PET Center, Kurume, Japan

    Tsuyoshi Yoshida

Authors
  1. Ryogo Minamimoto
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  2. Michio Senda
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  3. Kimiichi Uno
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  4. Seishi Jinnouchi
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  5. Takeshi Iinuma
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  6. Kengo Ito
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  7. Chio Okuyama
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  8. Kazuhiro Oguchi
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  9. Masami Kawamoto
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  10. Yutaka Suzuki
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  11. Eriko Tsukamoto
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  12. Takashi Terauchi
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  13. Rumi Nakashima
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  14. Masami Nishio
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  15. Sadahiko Nishizawa
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  16. Hiroshi Fukuda
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  17. Tsuyoshi Yoshida
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  18. Tomio Inoue
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ryogo Minamimoto.

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Minamimoto, R., Senda, M., Uno, K. et al. Performance profile of FDG-PET and PET/CT for cancer screening on the basis of a Japanese Nationwide Survey. Ann Nucl Med 21, 481–498 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-007-0061-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-007-0061-8

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