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Effective Inhibition of Phytopathogenic Microbes by Eco-Friendly Leaf Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)

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Abstract

This study was aimed at producing the eco-friendly, safe, and inexpensive silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) and assessing its antimicrobial activity. Fungal pathogens isolated from diseased leaves and fruits of brinjal and bacterial pathogen obtained from a culture collection were used in this study. Green synthesis of AgNPs was performed and optimized using Azadirachta indica leaf extract. The newly synthesized AgNPs (λmax = 437 nm) showed isotropism in size (crystal size/diameter: 21/29 ± 5 nm) and morphology under transmission and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data suggested the role of various aliphatic/aromatic moieties and proteins in AgNPs stabilization. The AgNPs reduced the growth of Penicillium sp. maximally by 92% after 6 days. The sensitivity of test fungi towards AgNPs followed the order: Penicillium sp. (92%) > Fusarium sp. (89%) > Aspergillus sp. (69%). Exposure of Ralstonia solanacearum to AgNPs (MIC/MBC 200/400 µg ml−1) displayed damaged cellular envelopes, bulging of cells, and pit formation. The nucleic acid discharge showed a progressive increase from 8 to 34% (r2 = 0.97). The cellular metabolic activity and surface adhering ability of R. solanacearum were completely lost at 400 µgAgNPs ml−1. Results suggested that the AgNPs synthesized in this study had enough anti-pathogenic potential and could inexpensively and safely be used as a promising alternative to agrochemicals. Moreover, the findings observed in this study is likely to serve as an important indicator for the development of effective nano-control agents which in effect would help to manage some deadly phyto-pathogens capable of causing heavy losses to agricultural production systems.

Graphical Abstract

Effective inhibition of phytopathogenic microbes by eco-friendly neem leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

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Acknowledgments

Mohammad Saghir Khan, Bilal Ahmed, and Javed Musarrat acknowledge the Council of Science and Technology, U.P., India for the financial support through the Research Grant #372. Mr. Pramod Kumar Sahu, Scientist, NBAIM, Mau, India is greatly acknowledged for providing the strain of R. solanacearum (NAIMCC-B-01626). The authors are also thankful for the support extended by University Sophisticated Instruments Facility (USIF), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.

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  1. Javed Musarrat

    Present address: School of Biosciences and Biodiversity, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Mahvash Haroon, Almas Zaidi, Bilal Ahmed, Asfa Rizvi, Mohammad Saghir Khan & Javed Musarrat

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Haroon, M., Zaidi, A., Ahmed, B. et al. Effective Inhibition of Phytopathogenic Microbes by Eco-Friendly Leaf Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs). Indian J Microbiol 59, 273–287 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-019-00801-5

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