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Dysbiosis in the Gut Bacterial Microbiome of Patients with Uveitis, an Inflammatory Disease of the Eye

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Abstract

Uveitis (UVT), an inflammatory disease of the eye significantly contributes to vision impairment and blindness. Uveitis is associated with systemic infectious and autoimmune diseases, but in most cases, the aetiology remains unidentified. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiome has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancers and mental disorders. In a mice model of autoimmune UVT, it was observed that manipulating the gut microbiome reduces the inflammation and disease severity. Further, alterations in the bacterial gut microbiome and their metabolites were reported in UVT patients from a Chinese cohort. Hence, it is worth comparing the bacterial gut microbiome of UVT patients with that of healthy controls (HC) to ascertain whether dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has implications in UVT. Our analyses showed reduced diversity of several anti-inflammatory organisms including Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Lachnospira, Ruminococcus and members of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, and enrichment of Prevotella (proinflammatory) and Streptococcus (pathogenic) OTUs in UVT microbiomes compared to HC. In addition, decrease in probiotic and antibacterial organisms was observed in UVT compared to HC microbiomes. Heatmap and PCoA plots also indicated significant variations in the microbiomes of UVT versus HC. This is the first study demonstrating dysbiosis in the gut bacterial communities of UVT patients in an Indian cohort and suggests a role of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of UVT.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by grants received from the Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation. We would like to thank Dr. Annie Mathai for helping in recruitment of Uveitis patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, 500034, India

    Sama Kalyana Chakravarthy, Rajagopalaboopathi Jayasudha, Gumpili Sai Prashanthi, Savitri Sharma & Sisinthy Shivaji

  2. Clinical Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, 500034, India

    Mohammed Hasnat Ali

  3. Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, 500034, India

    Mudit Tyagi

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  1. Sama Kalyana Chakravarthy
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Correspondence to Sisinthy Shivaji.

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Informed consent was taken from all the study subjects prior to sample collection. The study protocols were approved by the Institutional Review Board of L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad (Ethics Ref. No. LEC 06-14-060) and all methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

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Kalyana Chakravarthy, S., Jayasudha, R., Sai Prashanthi, G. et al. Dysbiosis in the Gut Bacterial Microbiome of Patients with Uveitis, an Inflammatory Disease of the Eye. Indian J Microbiol 58, 457–469 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-018-0746-9

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