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SDODV: A smart and adaptive on-demand distance vector routing protocol for MANETs

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Abstract

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETS) are nodes connected in a peer-to-peer fashion. Because MANETs have challenging characteristics such as mobility and limited energy, traditional existing routing protocols are not very efficient – they suffer several limitations in terms of network stability and lifetime, especially in the emerging era of IoT, crowd-sensing, and smart cities. In this work, we present SDODV, a new smart and dynamic on-demand distance vector routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks that addresses the shortcomings of existing routing protocols. Our proposed adaptive algorithm effectively increases the built network’s lifetime by considering the network topology when establishing a route. It monitors the traffic load, nodes mobility, neighborhood density, and battery power to adjust packets accordingly. This protocol is based on the distributed reinforcement learning approach and on the traditional AODV. SDODV improves the quality of service because it chooses the shortest and most stable path while considering mobility, bandwidth, and power. Experimental results prove that SDODV outperforms the shortest path method and reduces energy consumption.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by Zayed University – Abu Dhabi, UAE, Taif University – Taif, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanese American University – Beirut, Lebanon.

Funding

Sanaa Kaddoura has received funding from Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Sultan Al Jahdali received funding from Researchers Supporting Project (TURSP) under number (TURSP-2020/73, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Technological Innovations, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE

    Sanaa Kaddoura

  2. Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Ramzi A. Haraty & Maram Assi

  3. Department of Computer Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

    Sultan Al Jahdali

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  1. Sanaa Kaddoura
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  2. Ramzi A. Haraty
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  3. Sultan Al Jahdali
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  4. Maram Assi
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Contributions

Sanaa Kaddoura, Ramzi Haraty, Sultan Al Jahdali, and Maram Assi wrote the main (draft) manuscript text. Maram Assi prepared the figures. All authors reviewed the final text.

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Correspondence to Ramzi A. Haraty.

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This work was supported by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project (TURSP) under number (TURSP-2020/73, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia, and by Zayed University and the Lebanese American University.

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Kaddoura, S., Haraty, R.A., Al Jahdali, S. et al. SDODV: A smart and adaptive on-demand distance vector routing protocol for MANETs. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 16, 2325–2348 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-023-01530-9

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