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Robustness of size–structure across ecological networks in pelagic systems

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Abstract

The study of biomass size distributions has become an important tool for addressing aquatic ecosystem complexity and the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances. However, it remains unclear how changes in pelagic food web topology affect the biomass size–structure. Employing a dynamic multispecies bioenergetic consumer-resource model, we simulated biomass trajectories over time in 10,000 virtual networks of varying topology to address which food web properties are important in determining size–structure in pelagic systems. The slopes of the normalized biomass size spectra (NBSS) and Pareto’s shape parameter (γ) of our modeled communities are consistent with theoretically expected values for steady-state systems and empirical values reported for several aquatic ecosystems. We found that the main drivers of the NBSS slope and Pareto’s γ were the slope of the relationship between body mass and trophic level, the maximum trophic level of the food web, and the stability of total community biomass. Our analyses showed a clear conservative trend in pelagic community size–structure as demonstrated by the robustness of the NBSS slope and Pareto’s γ against most of the topological changes in virtual networks. Nevertheless, these analyses also caution that major disturbances in large-bodied or top-trophic level individuals may disrupt this stable pattern.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the valuable support of the members of the Ecological Network Lab (Darmstadt, Germany). Paúl Gómez-Canchong was funded by a Doctoral and Short Term Stay scholarship provided by the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, (DAAD, Germany). Renato A. Quiñones and Paúl Gómez-Canchong were funded by the COPAS-Sur Austral Program (Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnología Grant PFB-31/2007, CONICYT, Chile). Ulrich Brose acknowledges funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, BR 2315/4-1). The authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the paper.

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  1. Graduate Program in Oceanography, Department of Oceanography, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile

    Paúl Gómez-Canchong & Renato A. Quiñones

  2. Center for Oceanographic Research in the Eastern South Pacific (COPAS Center –FONDAP-CONICYT), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile

    Paúl Gómez-Canchong & Renato A. Quiñones

  3. Systemic Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Georg-August University Goettingen, Berliner Str. 28, 37073, Goettingen, Germany

    Ulrich Brose

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  1. Paúl Gómez-Canchong
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Gómez-Canchong, P., Quiñones, R.A. & Brose, U. Robustness of size–structure across ecological networks in pelagic systems. Theor Ecol 6, 45–56 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12080-011-0156-7

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