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Optimization and analysis of exergy, economic, and environmental of a combined cycle power plant

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Abstract

In this study, a combined cycle power plant with a nominal capacity of 500 MW, including two gas turbine units and one steam turbine unit, is considered by a mathematical model. This study is carried out to optimize three objective functions of exergy efficiency, CO2 emission and produced power costs. This multi-objective optimization has been carried out by using the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). The results indicate that the efficiency of the combined cycle power plant depends on the design parameters including gas turbine input temperature, compressor pressure ratio, and pinch point temperature. Furthermore, any change occurring in these settings may lead to noticeable changes in objective functions, so that the efficiency of this power plant is increased after optimization by up to 8.12 %, and its heat rate is correspondingly reduced from 7233 (kJ/kWh) to 7023 (kJ/kWh). Similarly, exergy destruction in the total system shows a reduction by 7.23%.

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Abbreviations

\( c \) :

cost per exergy unit ($/MJ)

\( c_{\text{f}} \) :

cost of fuel per energy unit ($/MJ)

\( \dot{C} \) :

cost flow rate ($/s)

\( c_{p} \) :

specific heat at constant pressure (kJ/kg K)

\( CRF \) :

capital recovery factor

\( E \) :

exergy \( \left( {\frac{{\text{MJ}}}{{\text{kg}}}} \right) \)

f :

exergoeconomic factor

\( \dot{E} \) :

exergy flow rate (MW)

\( \dot{E}_{D} \) :

exergy destruction rate (MW)

\( {\dot{\text{E}}}_{\text{W}} \) :

exergy rate of work (MW)

\( e \) :

specific exergy (kJ/kg)

\( {\text{e}}_{\text{f}} \) :

chemical exergy of the fuel (kJ/kg)

\( i \) :

annual interest rate (%)

\( {\text{h}} \) :

specific enthalpy (kJ/kg)

\( {\text{h}}_{0} \) :

specific enthalpy at environmental state (kJ/kg)

LHV:

lower heating value (kJ/kg)

\( \dot{m} \) :

mass flow rate (kg/s)

\( {\text{n}} \) :

number of years

\( {\text{N}} \) :

number of hours of plant operation per year

\( {\text{PP}} \) :

pinch point

\( \dot{Q} \) :

heat transfer rate (kW)

\( r_{AC} \) :

compressor pressure ratio

\( s \) :

specific entropy (kJ/kg K)

\( s_{0} \) :

specific entropy at environmental state (kJ/kg K)

\( T_{0} \) :

absolute temperature (K)

\( \dot{W}_{net} \) :

net power output (MW)

\( Z \) :

capital cost of a component ($)

\( \dot{Z} \) :

capital cost rate ($/s)

\( \eta \) :

isentropic efficiency

\( \xi \) :

coefficient of fuel chemical exergy

\( \sigma \) :

standard deviation

\( \Phi \) :

maintenance factor

π:

dimensionless pressure values

θ:

dimensionless temperature values

\( a \) :

air

\( {\text{AC}} \) :

air compressor

\( {\text{CC}} \) :

combustion chamber

\( {\text{ch}} \) :

chemical

\( {\text{Cond}} \) :

condenser

D:

exergy destruction

\( {\text{f}} \) :

fuel

\( {\text{GT}} \) :

gas turbine

\( {\text{HP}} \) :

high pressure

\( {\text{HRSG}} \) :

heat recovery steam generator

i :

ith trial vector

k :

kth component

\( {\text{LP}} \) :

low pressure

\( {\text{ph}} \) :

physical

tot:

total

\( {\text{ST}} \) :

steam turbine

sys:

system

\( {\text{w}} \) :

water

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    M A Javadi, M Khalaji & R Ghasemiasl

  2. Young Researchers and Elite Club, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    S Hoseinzadeh

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  1. M A Javadi
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Correspondence to S Hoseinzadeh.

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Javadi, M.A., Hoseinzadeh, S., Khalaji, M. et al. Optimization and analysis of exergy, economic, and environmental of a combined cycle power plant. Sādhanā 44, 121 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-019-1102-4

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