Abstract
This paper discusses dynamic modeling of non-isolated DC–DC converters (buck, boost and buck–boost) under continuous and discontinuous modes of operation. Three types of models are presented for each converter, namely, switching model, average model and harmonic model. These models include significant non-idealities of the converters. The switching model gives the instantaneous currents and voltages of the converter. The average model provides the ripple-free currents and voltages, averaged over a switching cycle. The harmonic model gives the peak to peak values of ripple in currents and voltages. The validity of all these models is established by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results from laboratory prototypes, at different steady state and transient conditions. Simulation based on a combination of average and harmonic models is shown to provide all relevant information as obtained from the switching model, while consuming less computation time than the latter.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Badstuebner U, Biela J and Kolar J W 2010 Design of an 99%-efficient, 5 kW, phase-shift PWM dc-dc converter for telecom applications. In: Twenty-Fifth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 773–780
Bellur D M, Dayton O H and Kazimierczuk 2007 DC-DC converters for electric vehicle applications. In: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing Expo, pp. 286–293
Chung I, Liu W, Andrus M, Schoder K, Leng S, Cartes D A and Steurer M 2009 Integration of a bi-directional dc-dc converter model in to a large-scale system simulation of a ship board MVDC power system. In: IEEE Electric Ship Technology Symposium, pp. 318–325
Emadi A, Williamson S S and Khaligh A 2006 Power electronics intensive solutions for advanced electric, hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicular power systems. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 21(3): 567–577
Fang C 2011 Unified discrete-time modeling of buck converter in discontinuous mode. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 26(8): 2335–2342
Hwang T and Park S 2012 Seamless boost converter control under the critical boundary condition for a fuel cell power conditioning system. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 27(8): 3616–3626
Jalla M M, Emadi A, Williamson G A and Fahimi B 2004 Real time state estimation of multi- converter more electric ship power systems using the generalized state space averaging method. In: 30 th Annual conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 1514–1519
Khan I A 1994 DC-to-DC converters for electric and hybrid electric vehicles. In: IEEE Proceedings of the Power Electronics in Transportation, pp. 113–122
Krein P T, Bentsman J, Bass R M and Lesieutre B C 1989 On the use of averaging for the analysis of power electronic systems. In: IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 463–467
Lehman B and Bass R M 1994 Recently developed averaging theory applied to power electronic systems. In: IEEE Proceedings of the American Control Conference, pp. 1563–1567
Merdassi A, Gerbaud L and Bacha S 2008 A new automatic average modeling tool for power electronic systems. In: IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 3425–3431
Mohan N, Undeland T M and Robbins W P 2007 Power electronics: Converters, applications, and design. Wiley student edition, New Delhi, India, pp. 322–341
Patil M B, Ranganathan V T and Ramanarayanan V 2009 Simulation of power electronic circuits. Narosa, New Delhi, India, pp. 17.9–17.19
Pedicini C, Iannelli L and Vasca F 2012 The averaging method for control design and stability analysis of practical switched systems. In: IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, pp. 1285–1290
Ren Y, Kang W and Qian Z 2000 A novel average model for single switch buck-boost dc-dc converter. In: Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, pp. 436–439
Sanders S R, Noworolski J M, Liu X Z and Verghese G C 1990 Generalized averaging method for power conversion circuits. In: IEEE Proceedings of Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 333–340
Saritha B, Pandey V and Narayanan G 2013 Computationally efficient model for simulation of boost converter. In: National Power Electronics Conference, IIT Kanpur, India
Vuthchhay E and Bunlaksananusorn C 2008 Dynamic modeling of a zeta converter with state- space averaging technique. In: 5 th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology. 2: 969–972
Waffler S and Kolar J W 2009 A novel low-loss modulation strategy for high-power bidirectional buck boost converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 24(6): 1589–1599
Williamson S S, Lukic S M and Emadi A 2006 Comprehensive drive train efficiency analysis of hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles based on motor controller efficiency modeling. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 21(3): 730–740
Zahedi B and Norum L E 2013 Modeling and simulation of all electric ships with low-voltage dc hybrid power systems. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 28(10): 4525–4537
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Department of Heavy Industry, Government of India, under the project entitled “Development of offline and real time simulators for electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle systems”.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
KRISHNA, C.M., B, S. & G, N. Computationally efficient models for simulation of non-ideal DC–DC converters operating in continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. Sadhana 40, 2045–2072 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-015-0436-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-015-0436-9