A X-ray diffraction analysis on graphene layers of Assam coal

Abstract

The so-called turbostatic structure of carbons in coal with randomly oriented stacking of the lamellae (graphene) produces intense peaks, which are the dominant features in its X-ray diffraction profiles. The diffractogram may be conveniently divided into two regions of reciprocal space, the medium S region (1 < S < 3 Å) and a high S region (S > 3 Å) where S = 4πλ ⁻¹sinθ. To better understand the molecular level structure of high sulphur Assam coal, two coal samples (Tirap-1 and Tirap-2) from Tirap colliery of Makum coalfield, Assam (India) has been interpreted in this study by using the X-ray diffraction profiles. Random layered (graphene) structural parameters of these coals were determined by using X-ray diffraction technique, which showed that the L _a and L _c are 64·99 Å and 22·63 Å for Tirap-2 and 55·54 Å and 23·80 Å for that of Tirap-1 coals respectively. The position of γ band was found to be at 4·34 Å and 4·13 Å for Tirap-2 and Tirap-1 coals respectively. The number of layers and average number of carbon atoms (N) per aromatic graphene were found to be 21 and 8 for both the coal samples. Proximate, ultimate and ash analysis of the two coal samples were also carried out in this investigation.