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Differential reduction of reactive oxygen species by human tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells from different donors under oxidative stress

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Abstract

Clinical trials using human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have shown promising results in the treatment of various diseases. Different tissue sources, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, dental pulp and umbilical cord, are being routinely used in regenerative medicine. MSCs are known to reduce increased oxidative stress levels in pathophysiological conditions. Differences in the ability of MSCs from different donors and tissues to ameliorate oxidative damage have not been reported yet. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the differences in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction abilities of tissue-specific MSCs to mitigate cellular damage in oxidative stress. Hepatic Stellate cells (LX-2) and cardiomyocytes were treated with Antimycin A (AMA) to induce oxidative stress and tissue specific MSCs were co-cultured to study the reduction in ROS levels. We found that both donor’s age and source of tissue affected the ability of MSCs to reduce increased ROS levels in damaged cells. In addition, the abilities of same MSCs differed in LX-2 and cardiomyocytes in terms of magnitude of reduction of ROS, suggesting that the type of recipient cells should be kept in consideration when using MSCs in regenerative medicine for treatment purposes.

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Abbreviations

AD,:

adipose

AMA,:

Antimycin A

AU,:

arbitrary units

BM,:

bone marrow

DP,:

dental pulp

MFI,:

mean fluorescence intensity

MSC,:

mesenchymal stem cell

ROS,:

reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (Grant No. I-899) and Department of Biotechnology for providing funds and fellowship for conducting this work. We also thank Dr M Mani Sankar for providing inputs during scientific discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Swati Paliwal, Anupama Kakkar, Rinkey Sharma & Sujata Mohanty

  2. Department of Cardio Thoracic Vascular Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Balram Airan

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  1. Swati Paliwal
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  2. Anupama Kakkar
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  3. Rinkey Sharma
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  4. Balram Airan
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  5. Sujata Mohanty
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Correspondence to Sujata Mohanty.

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Corresponding editor: Geeta Vemuganti

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Paliwal, S., Kakkar, A., Sharma, R. et al. Differential reduction of reactive oxygen species by human tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells from different donors under oxidative stress. J Biosci 42, 373–382 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-017-9691-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-017-9691-8

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