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Molecular biology and pathogenesis of hepatitis E virus

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Abstract

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a small RNA virus and the etiological agent for hepatitis E, a form of acute viral hepatitis. The virus has a feco-oral transmission cycle and is transmitted through environmental contamination, mainly through drinking water. Recent studies on the isolation of HEV-like viruses from animal species also suggest zoonotic transfer of the virus. The absence of small animal models of infection and efficient cell culture systems has precluded virological studies on the replication cycle and pathogenesis of HEV. A vaccine against HEV has undergone successful clinical testing and diagnostic tests are available. This review describes HEV epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, molecular virology and the host response to HEV infection. The focus is on published literature in the past decade.

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Abbreviations

ERK:

Extracellularly regulated kinase

HEV:

hepatitis E virus

IFNγ :

interferon gamma

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

ORF:

open reading frame

PCP:

papain-like cysteine protease

RdRp:

RNA dependent RNA polymerase

UTRs:

untranslated regions

TNFα :

tumour necrosis factor alpha

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  1. Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, 110 067, India

    Vivek Chandra, Shikha Taneja, Manjula Kalia & Shahid Jameel

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  1. Vivek Chandra
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  2. Shikha Taneja
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  3. Manjula Kalia
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  4. Shahid Jameel
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Correspondence to Shahid Jameel.

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Chandra, V., Taneja, S., Kalia, M. et al. Molecular biology and pathogenesis of hepatitis E virus. J Biosci 33, 451–464 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-008-0064-1

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