Abstract
Classical Cepheid and RR Lyrae variables are radially pulsating stars that trace young and old-age stellar populations, respectively. These classical pulsating stars are the most sensitive probes for the precision stellar astrophysics and the extragalactic distance measurements. Despite their extensive use as standard candles thanks to their well-defined Period–Luminosity relations, distance measurements based on these objects suffer from their absolute primary calibrations, metallicity effects, and other systematic uncertainties. Here, I present a review of classical Cepheid, RR Lyrae and type II Cepheid variables starting with a historical introduction and describing their basic evolutionary and pulsational properties. I will focus on recent theoretical and observational efforts to establish absolute scale for these standard candles at multiple wavelengths. The application of these classical pulsating stars to high-precision cosmic distance scale will be discussed along with observational systematics. I will summarize with an outlook for futher improvements in our understanding of these classical pulsators in the upcoming era of extremely large telescopes.
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References
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Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank the Editorial Board of the Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy for inviting him to write this review article and Marcio Catelan, Marina Rejkuba, Wolfgang Gieren, H. P. Singh, Noriyuki Matsunaga, Richard I. Anderson and Shashi Kanbur for useful comments and suggestions. He also thanks the anonymous referee for the quick and constructive report that helped improve the manuscript. He acknowledges research grant \(\#11850410434\) awarded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through the Research Fund for International Young Scientists, and a China Post-doctoral General Grant, the Gruber Fellowship 2020 grant sponsored by the Gruber Foundation and the International Astronomical Union. This research was supported by the Munich Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics (MIAPP) of the DFG cluster of excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”.
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Bhardwaj, A. High-precision distance measurements with classical pulsating stars. J Astrophys Astron 41, 23 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-020-09640-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-020-09640-z