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Analyses of the Similarity and Difference of Global Gene Expression Profiles in Cortex Regions of Three Neurodegenerative Diseases: Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (sCJD), Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI), and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

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Abstract

Neurodegenerative disease is a general designation for the disorders that are progressive loss of structure or function and final death of neurons, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, prion diseases, etc. In this study, we comparatively analyzed 21 individual microarray data sets of the cortex tissues from 11 sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), 3 fatal familial insomnia (FFI), 3 Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 4 normal controls. After normalization, a collection of 730 differently expressed sets (DESets) were obtained by comparison of the data of three diseases with their original controls. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a background-related distribution within the groups of FFI, AD, and normal control, but two apparently different subgroups within the group of sCJD were observed. Review of the clinical materials of 11 sCJD patients identified the difference in brain PrPSc deposits between two subgroups. Hierarchical cluster analysis illustrated the relatively independent clusters of normal controls, FFIs, six sCJD cases (subgroup 1) with more PrPSc deposits, respectively, while an overlapped cluster of five cases of sCJD2 (subgroup 2) with less PrPSc deposits and AD patients. Despite of the presence of special gene expressions, many common features were found among those neurodegenerative diseases. The most commonly changed biological processes (BPs) were signal transduction, synaptic transmission, and neuropeptide signaling pathway. The most commonly changed pathways were MAPK signaling pathway, Parkinson’s disease, and oxidative phosphorylation. Our data here provide the similarity and difference in global gene expressions among the patients with sCJD, FFI, and AD, which may help to understand the common mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation Grants 81101302, 31270185, 31100117, China Mega-Project for Infectious Disease (2011ZX10004-101, 2012ZX10004-215), and SKLID Development Grant 2012SKLID201, 2014SKLID201. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changbai Rd 155, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China

    Chan Tian, Chen Gao, Yin Xu, Hui Wang, Xue-Yu Fan, Ge Meng & Xiao-Ping Dong

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of China

    Chan Tian, Chen Gao, Yin Xu, Hui Wang, Xue-Yu Fan, Ge Meng & Xiao-Ping Dong

  3. Network Information Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Di Liu, Qing-Lan Sun & Wei Li

  4. Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstraße 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany

    Wei Xiang

  5. Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 23, Munich, 81377, Germany

    Hans A. Kretzschmar

  6. Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Xiao-Ping Dong

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  1. Chan Tian
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  2. Di Liu
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  11. Wei Li
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Correspondence to Xiao-Ping Dong.

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Chan Tian, Di Liu, and Wei Xiang contributed equally to this article.

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Tian, C., Liu, D., Xiang, W. et al. Analyses of the Similarity and Difference of Global Gene Expression Profiles in Cortex Regions of Three Neurodegenerative Diseases: Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (sCJD), Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI), and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Mol Neurobiol 50, 473–481 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-014-8758-x

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