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Central Nervous System Regeneration Inhibitors and their Intracellular Substrates

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Abstract

Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) initiates a cascade of responses that is inhibitory to the regeneration of neurons and full recovery. At the site of injury, glial cells conspire with an inhibitory biochemical milieu to construct both physical and chemical barriers that prevent the outgrowth of axons to or beyond the lesion site. These inhibitors include factors derived from myelin, repulsive guidance cues, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Each bind receptors on the axon surface to initiating intracellular signaling cascades that ultimately result in cytoskeletal reorganization and growth cone collapse. Here, we present an overview of the molecules, receptors, and signaling pathways that inhibit CNS regeneration, with a particular focus on the intracellular signaling machinery that may function as convergent targets for multiple inhibitory ligands.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Aaron McGee and Corrie Fox for their comments and suggestions on the manuscript and graphic work, respectively.

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  1. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Michelle Nash

  2. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada

    Horia Pribiag & Alyson E. Fournier

  3. Departments of Biology and Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Christian Jacobson

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  1. Michelle Nash
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  2. Horia Pribiag
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  3. Alyson E. Fournier
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  4. Christian Jacobson
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Correspondence to Christian Jacobson.

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Nash, M., Pribiag, H., Fournier, A.E. et al. Central Nervous System Regeneration Inhibitors and their Intracellular Substrates. Mol Neurobiol 40, 224–235 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-009-8083-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-009-8083-y

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