Abstract
Nanoparticles of Co-doped ZnO with 3·8, 7·2 and 11·5 wt% were synthesized by solvothermal method through oxalate precursor route. X-ray diffraction studies showed the formation of hexagonal ZnO structure for x = 0·038, however, secondary phase of Co3O4 arises on increasing the Co content up to 11·5%. Transmission electron microscopic studies showed that particles are in the nano-metric regime and the grain size decreases on increasing the Co concentration. Optical reflectance measurements showed an energy bandgap, which decreases on increasing Co concentration. Specific surface area of these nanoparticles was found to be very high and comes out to be 97·6, 112·1 and 603·8 m2g − 1, respectively. All the solid solutions showed paramagnetism with weak antiferromagnetic interactions. It is seen that the antiferromagnetic interaction increases on increasing Co concentration.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ando K, Saito H, Jin Z, Fukumura T, Kawasaki M, Matsumoto Y and Koinuma H 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 2700
Barick K C, Aslam M, Dravid V P and Bahadur D 2008 J. Phys. Chem. C 112 15163
Dietl T, Ohno H, Matsukura F, Cibert J and Ferrand D 2000 Science 287 1019
Hays J et al 2007 J. Phys. Condens. Matter. 19 266203
He R, Hocking R K and Tsuzuki T 2012 Mater. Chem. Phys. 132 1035
Jin Z et al 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 3824
Kim K J and Park Y R 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 1420
Kortum G 1969 Reflectance spectroscopy: principles, methods, applications (New York: Springer)
Mandal S K, Das A K, Nath T K, Karmakar D and Satpati B 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 104315
Mandal S K, Nath T K, Das A K and Karmakar D 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 063913
Ogale S B, Choudhary R J, Buban J P and Shinde S R 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 077205
Ramachandran S, Tiwari A and Nayaran J 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 5255
Rode K, Anane A, Mattana R, Contour J P, Durand O and Le Bourgeois R 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 7676
Sato K and Yoshida H K 2000 Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 39 L555
Sato K and Yoshida H K 2001 Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 40 L334
Sato K and Yoshida H K 2002 Semicond. Sci. Technol. 17 367
Sharma P et al 2003 Nat. Mater. 2 673
Sing K S W, Everett D H, Haul R A W, Moscou L, Pierotti R A, Rouquerol J and Siemieniewska T 1985 Pure Appl. Chem. 57 603
Sluiter M H F, Kawazoe Y, Sharma P, Inoue A, Raju A R, Rout C and Waghmare U V 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 187204
Ueda K, Tabata H and Kawai T 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 988
Wang Y X, Liu H, Li Z Q, Zhang X X, Zheng R K and Ringer S P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 042511
Yan S S et al 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 2376
Acknowledgements
One of the authors (TA) thanks CSIR, Govt of India, for financial support (research project no. 01(2448)/10EMR-II). (SK) thanks UGC and CSIR for research fellowships. The authors thank Prof K V Ramanujachary, Rowan University, USA, for inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrophotometry and magnetic measurements. The authors also thank AIIMS, New Delhi, for transmission electron microscopy facility.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
AHMAD, T., KHATOON, S. & COOLAHAN, K. Optical, magnetic and structural characterization of Zn1 − x Co x O nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal method. Bull Mater Sci 36, 997–1004 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-013-0569-6
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-013-0569-6