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A Strategy to Investigate the Intravarietal Genetic Variability in Vitis vinifera L. for Clones and Biotypes Identification and to Correlate Molecular Profiles with Morphological Traits or Geographic Origins

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Abstract

Grapevine is the most economically important and widely cultivated fruit crop in the world. Molecular markers have been used on Vitis vinifera to distinguish among both varieties and clones. Microsatellites are used to fingerprint varieties and several other techniques, reported in many papers, are used to analyze the differences among clones, but it is not available in the literature as a well defined strategy to screen a large number of Vitis cultivars. In fact, it is often necessary to use different techniques to investigate the genetic variability in different grapevine varieties and a proposed technique is used to study a cultivar, which is often not suitable for either the study of another cultivar or compare the genetic relationship among various cultivars. We describe here a strategy used for the analysis of several grapevine cultivars to describe a universal method to obtain DNA polymorphisms of Vitis vinifera genotypes from the same cultivar by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), selective amplification of microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL), microsatellites AFLP (M-AFLP), and ISSR molecular markers. The strategy here adopted permitted both to identify different biotypes (i.e., Primitivo), accessions (i.e., Garnacha tinta), and clones (i.e., Callet, Manto Negro, Moll) among the variability of same variety and to correlate the genetic differences to their geographical origins (i.e., Garnacha tinta; Malvasia nera di Brindisi/Lecce) or morphological traits (i.e., Malvasia of Candia). Here is also described the application of the protocol that allows to highlight the genetic variability accumulated during centuries of cultivations and selections of the same variety in different environments by vine growers.

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Acknowledgments

This study is supported by both “ASER” and “IDENTIVIT” research grants from Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MiPAAF), Rome, Italy. We are very grateful to Dr Giacomo Morreale (researcher at the CRA-VIT) for their indispensable cooperation and support. We would also like to thank Dr. Angelo Costacurta (former Director of CRA-VIT) and Dr Enrica Frare (CRA-VIT) for their comments and suggestions.

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  1. CRA-VIT Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura—Centro di Ricerca per la Viticoltura, Viale XXVIII Aprile, 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy

    Stefano Meneghetti & Luigi Bavaresco

  2. AIVV Accademia Italiana Della Vite e del Vino, Viale XXVIII Aprile, 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy

    Antonio Calò

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  1. Stefano Meneghetti
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Correspondence to Stefano Meneghetti.

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Meneghetti, S., Calò, A. & Bavaresco, L. A Strategy to Investigate the Intravarietal Genetic Variability in Vitis vinifera L. for Clones and Biotypes Identification and to Correlate Molecular Profiles with Morphological Traits or Geographic Origins. Mol Biotechnol 52, 68–81 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-011-9475-6

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