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Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes During Embryo Sac Development in Apomeiotic Non-Parthenogenetic Interspecific Hybrid of Pennisetum glaucum

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Abstract

Apomixis results in the production of genetically uniform progeny, derived from the fertilization independent development (parthenogenesis) of an unreduced egg cell (apomeiosis). To identify genes involved in the apomeiosis, a comparative transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes during embryo sac (ES) development in a sexual Pennisetum glaucum (genotype 81A1) and its apomeiotic (aposporic) non-parthenogenetic interspecific hybrid (BC1GO) was investigated. BC1GO exhibited the partitioned apomeiosis component, whereby the second apomixis component viz., parthenogenesis was completely lacking. A total of 96 non-redundant transcripts were recovered using suppression subtractive hybridization and classified into 11 different categories according to their putative functions. Amongst the identified transcripts, many of them belonged to unknown function (40%) followed by those involved in protein metabolism, stress response, pollen/ovule/embryo development, and translation/protein modification process. A data search of transcriptional profiling in other apomictic species revealed that 75% of the differentially expressed transcripts have not been reported in previous studies. By macroarray analysis, we identified differential expression pattern of 96 transcripts, 45 (47%) of which showed ≥2-fold induction in apomeiotic BC1GO. Further, the obtained results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to have a comparative expression profiling of eight selected up-regulated transcripts (≥2.5-fold) between BC1GO and 81A1 at different phases of ovule development. In silico mapping demonstrated that 13 transcripts were located onto rice chromosome 2, region syntenic with the apospory locus as reported in Brachiaria brizantha and Paspalum notatum. The expression patterns of these transcripts showed a significant difference at differentiating megaspore mother cell and gametogenesis stages thereby suggesting their involvement in floral development during apomeiotic (Panicum-type aposporous) ES development.

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Abbreviations

SSH:

Suppression subtractive hybridization

BLAST:

Basic local alignment search tool

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction

MMC:

Megaspore mother cell

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully thank the Director, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Director, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, and Director, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack India for providing facilities. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. The authors would also like to thank both the reviewers for their constructive comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Pranav Pankaj Sahu, Sarika Gupta & Manoj Prasad

  2. Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Gwalior Road, Jhansi, 284003, India

    D. R. Malaviya, Ajoy Kumar Roy & Pankaj Kaushal

  3. Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India

    Pankaj Kaushal

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  1. Pranav Pankaj Sahu
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  2. Sarika Gupta
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Correspondence to Pankaj Kaushal or Manoj Prasad.

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Sahu, P.P., Gupta, S., Malaviya, D.R. et al. Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes During Embryo Sac Development in Apomeiotic Non-Parthenogenetic Interspecific Hybrid of Pennisetum glaucum . Mol Biotechnol 51, 262–271 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-011-9464-9

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