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Identification of candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human prostate cancer: RPL22L1 and RPS21

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Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the potential of Ribosomal Protein L22-like1 (RPL22L1) and Ribosomal Protein S21 (RPS21) as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa. First, RPL22L1 and RPS21 were screened as the key molecular of PCa by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, the prostate tissue samples were stained for antibodies against RPL22L1 and RPS21. The unbiased signal quantification was performed by ImageJ software, and the results showed that the expression of RPL22L1 and RPS21 exhibited significant differences between the PCa tissues and the normal prostate tissues. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves were prepared, and then the area under the curve (AUC) values of RPL22L1 and RPS21 were calculated as 0.798 and 0.768, and the likelihood ratio (LR) values of RPL22L1 and RPS21 were calculated as 2.86 and 2.53. These data implied that the over-expression of RPL22L1 and RPS21 is associated with the presence of PCa. The further analysis suggested that the expression of RPL22L1 and RPS21 were significantly higher in high Gleason grade than they were in low Gleason grade. In addition, in vitro studies were undertaken to evaluate the roles of RPL22L1 and RPS21 in PCa. The results revealed that these genes promote PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibit PCa cell apoptosis. Taken together, these data showed that RPL22L1 and RPS21 exhibited higher expression in human prostate cancer tissue, and involved in PCa cell proliferation and invasion. This research provided a novel insight into diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Bo Lian for his technical assistance.

Funding

The study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2014CL034, ZR2018MC015), Medical and Health Development Plan of Shandong Province (2017WS058) and Research and Development Plan of University in Shandong Province (J18KA120).

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Author notes

  1. Zumu Liang, Qingjie Mou and Zhiwei Pan are Co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, NO 7166, Baotong ST, Weifang City, 261053, People’s Republic of China

    Zumu Liang, Qiang Zhang, Zhiqin Gao, Zhifang Pan & Weiguo Feng

  2. College of Clinical Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China

    Qingjie Mou & Yingying Cao

  3. Laizhou Development Zone Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China

    Zhiwei Pan

  4. Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China

    Guojun Gao

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  1. Zumu Liang
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Correspondence to Zhifang Pan or Weiguo Feng.

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The authors declare that they have no financial or competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Weifang Medical University (Weifang, China). The procedures performed in present study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Liang, Z., Mou, Q., Pan, Z. et al. Identification of candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human prostate cancer: RPL22L1 and RPS21. Med Oncol 36, 56 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-019-1283-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-019-1283-z

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