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Clinical significance of programmed cell death 4 expression in malignant progression of human nasal inverted papillomas

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Abstract

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a novel tumor suppressor gene that can inhibit tumor neoplastic transformation and progression in cultured cells and gene knock-out mouse models. Lost or decreased PDCD4 expression has been associated with progression and prognosis of multiple types of human tumors. However, the expression and clinical significance of PDCD4 in nasal inverted papillomas (NIPs) has not been investigated. We compared PDCD4 expression in 64 samples of NIPs, 23 of associated squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), and 19 normal nasal samples at mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. PDCD4 mRNA expression was reduced in 52% of NIP frozen samples (13/25), and the protein level was diminished in 56.3% of samples (36/64) as compared with 19 normal nasal samples, which expressed high levels of PDCD4 mRNA and protein. Furthermore, altered expression of PDCD4 was associated with the clinicopathological features Krouse stage and dysplasia. Importantly, we found a strong negative correlation of PDCD4 expression and Ki-67 labeling index in NIPs (r = −0.6645, p < 0.001). In addition, the 3 tissue-sample groups significantly differed in PDCD4 expression and Ki-67 labeling index. Thus, PDCD4 expression may play a key role in pre-cancerous lesions of human NIPs and may help predict malignant progression from benign nasal tumors to associated SCC.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB722406), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81000126), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2009CM021-2009ZRB01192), and grants from the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20090131120066).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, No.107, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China

    Yan Wang, Zhonghua Qu, Shanying Huang, Yun Zhang & Fei Gao

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, No.107, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China

    Yan Wang & Yanzhong Li

  3. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Lingling Ding

  4. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China

    Xia Zhang

  5. Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Miaoqing Zhao

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  1. Yan Wang
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  2. Lingling Ding
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  3. Xia Zhang
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  4. Miaoqing Zhao
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  5. Zhonghua Qu
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  7. Yun Zhang
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  8. Yanzhong Li
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  9. Fei Gao
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yanzhong Li or Fei Gao.

Additional information

Yan Wang, Lingling Ding, Xia Zhang, and Miaoqing Zhao contributed equally to this work.

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Wang, Y., Ding, L., Zhang, X. et al. Clinical significance of programmed cell death 4 expression in malignant progression of human nasal inverted papillomas. Med Oncol 29, 2505–2511 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-012-0185-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-012-0185-0

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