Abstract
In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the potential neuroprotective effect and the underlying mechanism of anemonin against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Anemonin was administered to rats by the intraperitoneally (i.p.) route once daily for 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 90 min of MCAO followed by 24 h of reperfusion. After that, animals were sacrificed by decapitation, brain was removed, and various biochemical estimations, neurological status, and assessment of cerebral infarct size were carried out. MCAO followed by 24 h of reperfusion caused a significant increase in infarct size, neurological deficit score, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and DNA fragmentation, as well as a decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Na+, K+-ATPase in the brain. Furthermore, elevated Bax expression, increased caspase-3 cleavage, and decreased Bcl-2 expression were observed in nontreated rats in response to focal cerebral I/R injury. However, pretreatment with anemonin significantly reversed these levels of biochemical parameters, reduced cerebral infarct size, and improved the neurologic score in cerebral ischemic animals. Additionally, a wide distribution of anemonin in plasma and brain tissues and the brain-to-plasma partition coefficient (Ri) ratio of 0.7 at 90 min indicated that this compound could penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These results showed that pretreatment with anemonin provided a significant protection against cerebral I/R injury in rats by, at least in part, its antioxidant action and consequent inhibition of apoptosis.
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D. Jia and B. Han contributed equally to this work.
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Jia, D., Han, B., Yang, S. et al. Anemonin Alleviates Nerve Injury After Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion (I/R) in Rats by Improving Antioxidant Activities and Inhibiting Apoptosis Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 53, 271–279 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-013-0217-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-013-0217-z