References
Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55:74–108.
Bosch FX, Ribes J, Diaz M, et al. Primary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trends. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:S5–S16.
El-Serag HB. Current concepts: hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1118–27.
European Association For The Study Of The Liver, European Organisation For Research and Treatment of Cancer. EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2012;56:908–43.
Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:693–9.
Kulik LM, Atassi B, van Holsbeeck L, et al. Yttrium-90 microspheres (TheraSphere(R)) treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: downstaging to resection, RFA and bridge to transplantation. J Surg Oncol. 2006;94:572–86.
Lu DS, Yu NC, Raman SS, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: treatment success as defined by histologic examination of the explanted liver. Radiology. 2005;234:954–60.
Maddala YK, Stadheim L, Andrews JC, et al. Drop-out rates of patients with hepatocellular cancer listed for liver transplantation: outcome with chemoembolization. Liver Transpl. 2004;10:449–55.
Bruix J, Sherman M. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2005;42:1208–36.
Llovet JM, Real MI, Montana X, et al. Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359:1734–9.
Cheng AL, Kang YK, Chen Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:25–34.
Sirtex Medical. Package Insert for SIR-Spheres ® microspheres (Yttrium-90 microspheres). http://www.sirtex.com; http://sirtex.com/files/US20Package20Insert1.pdf
MDS Nordion. Package Insert for TheraSphereYttrium-90 glass microspheres. http://www.nordion.com/therasphere/physicians-packageinsert/package-insert-us.pdf
Coldwell D, Sangro B, Wasan H, Salem R, Kennedy A. General selection criteria of patients for radioembolization of liver tumors: an international working group report. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011;34:337–41. doi:10.1097/COC.0b013e3181ec61bb.
Kennedy A, Nag S, Salem R, Murthy R, McEwan AJ, Nutting C, et al. Recommendations for radioembolization of hepatic malignancies using yttrium-90 microsphere brachytherapy: a consensus panel report from the radioembolization brachytherapy oncology consortium. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;68:13–23. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.11.060.
Sangro B, Gil-Alzugaray B, Rodriguez J, Sola I, Martinez-Cuesta A, Viudez A, et al. Liver disease induced by radioembolization of liver tumors. Cancer. 2008;112(7):1538–46.
Delbeke D, Martin WH. Positron emission tomography in oncology. Radiol Clin N Am. 2001;39:883–917.
Sasikumar A, Joy A, Nanabala R, Pillai MRA, Thomas B, Vikraman KR. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging in primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2016;43:795–6.
Soydal C, Alkan A, Ozkan E, Demirkazık A, Kucuk NO. Ga-68 PSMA accumulation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Oncol. 2016;1:1091.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Güney, İ.B. HCC Locoregional Therapies: Yttrium-90 (Y-90) Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT). J Gastrointest Canc 48, 276–280 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-017-9973-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-017-9973-2