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Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in Acute Stage After Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

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Abstract

Background

A high-fat diet (HFD) is correlated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. The effect of HFD on neuroinflammation and apoptosis in acute stage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats is not well known.

Materials and Methods

Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed a HFD or normal diet (ND) for 8 weeks. Anesthetized male SD rats were divided into two subgroups: sham-operated and TBI. Motor function was measured using an inclined plane. The numbers of apoptotic neurons (markers Neu-N, TUNEL, caspase-3), activated astrocytes (marker GFAP) and microglia (marker OX42), and TNF-α expression in microglia and astrocytes in the ischemic cortex were investigated using an immunofluorescence assay. All of the parameters were measured on the 3rd day after TBI.

Results

Rats fed a HFD for 8 weeks had higher body weight, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides. TBI-induced motor deficits, neuronal decrease, neuronal apoptosis, astrocyte and microglia activation, and TNF-α expression in microglia and astrocytes in the ischemia cortex were significantly increased in ND and HFD rats compared to sham rats. However, these parameters were not significantly different between the ND and HFD TBI groups, except motor deficit.

Conclusions

HFD has no significant effects on neuronal apoptosis or neuroinflammation in acute stage compared with ND for 8 weeks after moderate TBI in experimental rats.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank all of the researchers, especially Chiao-Ya Hu, who participated in this study.

Funding

Nil.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Arng Jack Chong and Hsiao-Yue Wee have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan

    Arng Jack Chong, Chin-Hung Chang, Chung-Ching Chio & Jinn-Rung Kuo

  2. Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan

    Jinn-Rung Kuo

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, Liouying, Yung Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan

    Hsiao-Yue Wee

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan

    Sher-Wei Lim

  5. Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan

    Hsiao-Yue Wee & Sher-Wei Lim

Authors
  1. Arng Jack Chong
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  2. Hsiao-Yue Wee
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  3. Chin-Hung Chang
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  4. Chung-Ching Chio
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  5. Jinn-Rung Kuo
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Contributions

AJC, S-WL, C-HC, and J-RK conceived and designed the experiments. H-YW and AJC performed the experiments. AJC, S-WL, and J-RK analyzed the data. C-HC and C-CC contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. AJC, H-YW, and J-RK wrote the paper.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jinn-Rung Kuo or Sher-Wei Lim.

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Conflict of interest

The authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval

This study was approved by the Chi Mei Medical Center Animal Care and Use Committee.

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Chong, A.J., Wee, HY., Chang, CH. et al. Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in Acute Stage After Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Neurocrit Care 33, 230–240 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-019-00891-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-019-00891-5

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