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Emergency Department Hyperglycemia as a Predictor of Early Mortality and Worse Functional Outcome after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Abstract

Background

We have previously reported the association of hyperglycemia and mortality after ischemic stroke. This study attempts to answer the hypothesis, if hyperglycemia at arrival, is associated with early mortality and functional outcome in patients with acute non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods

The study cohort consisted of 237 patients who presented to the ED with ICH and had blood glucose measured on ED presentation. The presence of hyperglycemia on presentation was correlated with outcome measures including volume of hematoma, intraventricular extension of hematoma (IVE), stroke severity, functional outcome at discharge, and date of death.

Results

Of the cohort of 237 patients, a total of 47 patients had prior history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Median blood glucose at presentation was 140 mg/dl (Inter-quartile range 112–181 mg/dl). DM patients had higher glucose levels on arrival (median 202 mg/dl for DM vs. 132.5 mg/dl for non-DM, P < 0.0001). Higher blood glucose at ED arrival was associated with early mortality in both non-diabetics and diabetics (P < 0.0001). Higher blood glucose was associated with poor functional outcome in non-DM patients (P < 0.0001) but not in DM patients (P = 0.268). In the logistic regression model, after adjustment for stroke severity, hematoma volume, and IVE of hemorrhage, higher initial blood glucose was a significant predictor of death (P = 0.0031); as well as bad outcome in non-DM patients (P = 0.004).

Conclusions

Hyperglycemia on presentation in non-diabetic patients is an independent predictor of early mortality and worse functional outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Stead is supported through a Mayo Foundation Emergency Medicine Research Career Development Award. This publication was made possible by Grant Number 1 UL1 RR024150 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of NCRR or NIH. Information on NCRR is available at http://www.ncrr.nih.gov/. Information on Reengineering the Clinical Research Enterprise can be obtained from http://nihroadmap.nih.gov.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA

    Latha G. Stead, M. Fernanda Bellolio, Rachel M. Gilmore, Raghav Chandra, Veena Manivannan, Luis A. Serrano, Neeraja Yerragondu, Balavani Palamari & Wyatt W. Decker

  2. Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA

    Adetolu Odufuye

  3. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA

    Anunaya Jain, Ravneet Dhillon & Minal Jain

  4. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA

    Alejandro Rabinstein

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  1. Latha G. Stead
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Correspondence to Latha G. Stead.

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Stead, L.G., Jain, A., Bellolio, M.F. et al. Emergency Department Hyperglycemia as a Predictor of Early Mortality and Worse Functional Outcome after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 13, 67–74 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-010-9355-0

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