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Recent Progress on Tissue-Resident Adult Stem Cell Biology and Their Therapeutic Implications

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Abstract

Recent progress in the field of the stem cell research has given new hopes to treat and even cure diverse degenerative disorders and incurable diseases in human. Particularly, the identification of a rare population of adult stem cells in the most tissues/organs in human has emerged as an attractive source of multipotent stem/progenitor cells for cell replacement-based therapies and tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. The tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cells offer the possibility to stimulate their in vivo differentiation or to use their ex vivo expanded progenies for cell replacement-based therapies with multiple applications in human. Among the human diseases that could be treated by the stem cell-based therapies, there are hematopoietic and immune disorders, multiple degenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzeimeher’s diseases, type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus as well as eye, liver, lung, skin and cardiovascular disorders and aggressive and metastatic cancers. In addition, the genetically-modified adult stem/progenitor cells could also be used as delivery system for expressing the therapeutic molecules in specific damaged areas of different tissues. Recent advances in cancer stem/progenitor cell research also offer the possibility to targeting these undifferentiated and malignant cells that provide critical functions in cancer initiation and progression and disease relapse for treating the patients diagnosed with the advanced and metastatic cancers which remain incurable in the clinics with the current therapies.

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Abbreviations

ABC:

ATP-binding cassette

ADSCs:

adipose tissue-derived stem cells

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

BM:

bone marrow

BMP:

bone morphogenic protein

CB:

carotid body

CESCs:

corneal epithelial stem cells

CE:

ciliary epithelium

CNS:

central nervous system

CSCs:

cardiac stem/progenitor cells

CXCR4:

CXC chemokine receptor-4

EGF:

epidermal growth factor

EGFR:

epidermal growth factor receptor

EPCs:

endothelial progenitor cells

ESCs:

embryonic stem cells

FGF:

fibroblast growth factor

hAECs:

human amniotic epithelial cells

HGF:

hepatocyte growth factor

HOV:

hepatic oval cells

HSCs:

hematopoietic stem cells

IGF:

insulin-like growth factor

MDSCs:

muscle-derived stem cells

MSCs:

mesenchymal stem cells

NCSCs:

neural crest stem cells

NSCs:

neural stem cells

Oct-3/4:

octamer-binding protein

PTCH:

patched receptor

SDF-1:

stromal cell-derived factor-1

TA:

transit-amplifying

UC:

umbilical cord

SHH:

sonic hedgehog ligand

UCB:

umbilical cord blood

PSCs:

pancreatic stem cells

RSCs:

retinal stem cells

SMCs:

smooth-muscle cells

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

Wnt:

Wingless ligand

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Acknowledgements

The authors on this manuscript are supported by the grants from the U.S. Department of Defense (PC04502, OC04110) and the National Institutes of Health (CA78590, CA111294). We thank Ms. Kristi L. Berger for editing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA

    Murielle Mimeault & Surinder K. Batra

  2. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA

    Surinder K. Batra

  3. Eppley Institute for Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA

    Murielle Mimeault & Surinder K. Batra

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  1. Murielle Mimeault
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  2. Surinder K. Batra
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Correspondence to Murielle Mimeault or Surinder K. Batra.

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Mimeault, M., Batra, S.K. Recent Progress on Tissue-Resident Adult Stem Cell Biology and Their Therapeutic Implications. Stem Cell Rev 4, 27–49 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-008-9008-2

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