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Role of Peroxiredoxins in Protecting Against Cardiovascular and Related Disorders

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Abstract

Peroxiredoxin (Prx) refers to a family of thiol-dependent peroxidases that decompose hydrogen peroxide, lipid hydroperoxides, as well as peroxynitrite, and protect against oxidative and inflammatory stress. There are six mammalian Prx isozymes (Prx1–6), classified as typical 2-Cys, atypical 2-Cys, or 1-Cys Prxs based on the mechanism and the number of cysteine residues involved during catalysis. In addition to their well-established peroxide-scavenging activity, some Prxs also participate in the regulation of various cell signaling pathways. Extensive animal studies employing primarily gene knockout models provide substantial evidence supporting a critical protective role of Prxs in various disease processes involving oxidative and inflammatory stress. This review surveys recent research findings, published primarily in influential journals, on the involvement of various Prx isozymes in protecting against cardiovascular injury and related disorders, including diabetes, metabolic syndromes, and sepsis, whose pathophysiology all intimately involves oxidative stress and inflammation.

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Abbreviations

ApoE:

Apolipoprotein E

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

Prx:

Peroxiredoxin

Trx:

Thioredoxin

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University Jerry Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA

    Y. Robert Li

  2. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA

    Hong Zhu

  3. Department of Medical Education, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Igor Danelisen

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  2. Hong Zhu
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Li, Y.R., Zhu, H. & Danelisen, I. Role of Peroxiredoxins in Protecting Against Cardiovascular and Related Disorders. Cardiovasc Toxicol 20, 448–453 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-020-09588-0

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