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Transformation of Tributyltin in Zebrafish Eleutheroembryos (Danio rerio)

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Abstract

Organotin compounds are highly versatile group of organometallic chemicals used in industrial and agricultural applications. Their endocrine-disrupting effects are well known and their extensive uses as biocide materials, e.g., in antifouling paints, for many years have led to serious environmental problems. So far, attention has mainly been given to tributyltin pollution in water, sediments, and marine organisms because of its highly toxic effects and high accumulation levels at very low concentrations. In this study, we will focus on the conversion of tributyltin after it is absorbed by zebrafish eleutheroembryos, presented here as an alternative model to adult fish for describing bioconcentration. A simplified analytical extraction procedure based on the use of an assisted ultrasonic probe and derivatization by ethylation, followed by gas chromatography with a flame photometric detector (GC-FPD) is proposed. This classical methodology for organotin determination has been validated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (ZGF-AAS) in terms of total tin content. The speciation analysis results show that zebrafish eleutheroembryos absorb high amounts of tributyltin and convert it into monobutyltin and likely in inorganic tin.

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Acknowledgments

The Spanish Ministry of Research and Innovation (Project ATP-Toxbio, grant reference CTQ2011-28328-C02-01 as well as Interreg “Orque Sudoe” Project) have founded this work. The authors also wish to acknowledge the grant received by A. Rocha Borges from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Institute, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil

    Aline Rocha Borges & Maria Goreti Rodrigues Vale

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Ana López-Serrano Oliver, Riansares Muñoz-Olivas & Carmen Cámara

  3. REPSOL, Center of Higher Professional Training, Ctra. Extremadura Km. 18, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain

    Mercedes Gallego-Gallegos

  4. National Institute of Science and Technology-INCT of Energy and Environment, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil

    Maria Goreti Rodrigues Vale

Authors
  1. Aline Rocha Borges
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  2. Ana López-Serrano Oliver
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  3. Mercedes Gallego-Gallegos
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  4. Riansares Muñoz-Olivas
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  5. Maria Goreti Rodrigues Vale
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  6. Carmen Cámara
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Correspondence to Riansares Muñoz-Olivas.

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Borges, A.R., López-Serrano Oliver, A., Gallego-Gallegos, M. et al. Transformation of Tributyltin in Zebrafish Eleutheroembryos (Danio rerio). Biol Trace Elem Res 162, 317–323 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0144-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0144-z

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