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Dimethoate Induces Kidney Dysfunction, Disrupts Membrane-Bound ATPases and Confers Cytotoxicity Through DNA Damage. Protective Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium

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Abstract

Dimethoate (DM) is an organophosphate insecticide widely used in agriculture and industry and has toxic effects on non-target organisms especially mammalian. However, we still know little about DM-induced kidney injury and its alleviation by natural antioxidants. In the present study, selenium (Se), vitamin E, DM, Se+DM, vitamin E+DM, Se+vitamin E+DM were given to adult rats for 4 weeks. Plasma creatinine and uric acid, kidney MDA, PC, H2O2 and AOPP levels were higher, while Na+-K+-ATPase and LDH values were lower in the DM group than those of controls. A smear without ladder formation on agarose gel was shown in the DM group, indicating random DNA degradation and DM-induced genotoxicity. A decrease in kidney GSH, NPSH and plasma urea levels and an increase in GPx, SOD and catalase activities were observed in the DM group when compared to those of controls. Plasma cystatin C levels increased, indicating a decrease in glomerular filtration rate. When Se or vitamin E was added through diet, the biochemical parameters cited above were partially restored in Se+DM and vitamin E+DM than DM group. The joint effect of Se and vitamin E was more powerful against DM-induced oxidative stress and kidney dysfunction. The changes in biochemical parameters were substantiated by histological data. In conclusion, our results indicated a possible mechanism of DM-induced nephrotoxicity, where renal genotoxicity was noted, membrane-bound ATPases and plasma biomarkers were disturbed. Se and vitamin E ameliorated the toxic effects of this pesticide in renal tissue suggesting their role as potential antioxidants.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the DGRST grants (Appui à la Recherche Universitaire de Base ARUB 99/UR/08-73), Tunisia. The authors are indebted to Miss Dalenda Kchaou for her assistance in histolological techniques and to Mr. Bejaoui Hafedh, teacher of English at Sfax Faculty of Science, who helped proofread and edited this paper.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Science, Sfax University, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    Ibtissem Ben Amara, Afef Troudi, Nejla Soudani & Najiba Zeghal

  2. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Sfax University, BP1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia

    Aida Karray & Yassine Ben Ali

  3. Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia

    Ahmed Hakim & Khaled Mounir Zeghal

  4. Anatomopathology Laboratory, Sfax University, CHU Habib Bourguiba, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia

    Tahia Boudawara

  5. Animal Physiology Laboratory, Life Sciences Department, Sfax Faculty of Science, Sfax University, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    Najiba Zeghal

Authors
  1. Ibtissem Ben Amara
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  2. Aida Karray
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  3. Ahmed Hakim
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  8. Khaled Mounir Zeghal
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  9. Najiba Zeghal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Najiba Zeghal.

Additional information

Aida Karray and Ahmed Hakim contributed equally to this work.

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Ben Amara, I., Karray, A., Hakim, A. et al. Dimethoate Induces Kidney Dysfunction, Disrupts Membrane-Bound ATPases and Confers Cytotoxicity Through DNA Damage. Protective Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium. Biol Trace Elem Res 156, 230–242 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9835-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9835-0

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