Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Enhanced Anti-Diabetic Activity of a Combination of Chromium(III) Malate Complex and Propolis and its Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In order to obtain the additional benefit of anti-diabetic activity and protective effects of liver injury for diabetes, the anti-diabetic effect and acute oral toxicity of a combination of chromium(III) malate complex (Cr2(LMA)3) and propolis were assessed. The anti-diabetic activity of the combination of the Cr2LMA3 and propolis was compared with Cr2(LMA)3 and propolis alone in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by daily oral gavage for a period of 2 weeks. Acute oral toxicity of the combination of the Cr2LMA3 and propolis was tested using ICR mice at the dose of 1.0–5.0 g/kg body mass by a single oral gavage and observed for a period of 2 weeks. The results of the anti-diabetic activity of the combination from the aspects of blood glucose level, liver glycogen level, and the activities of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase indicated that the increased anti-diabetic activity and the protective efficacy of liver injury for diabetes were observed. In acute toxicity study, LD50 (median lethal dose) value for the combination was greater than 5.0 g/kg body mass. The combination of Cr2LMA3 and propolis might represent the nutritional supplement with potential therapeutic value to control blood glucose and exhibit protective efficacy of liver injury for diabetes and non-toxicity in acute toxicity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rayfield E, Ault M, Keusch G et al (1982) Infection and diabetes: the case for glucose control. Am J Med 72:439–450

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bahaa KAA-S (2011) Immunomodulatory effects of black seeds and garlic on alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rat. Allergol Immunopath. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2011.07.002

  3. Ferracini M, Martins JO, Campos MR et al (2010) Impaired phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages from diabetic rats is related to the deficient coupling of LTs to the Fc gamma R signaling cascade. Mol Immunol 47:1974–1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Halliwell B, Gutteridge J (1985) Free radicals in biology and medicine. Oxford, London

  5. Mansour HA, Newairy A-SA, Yousef MI et al (2002) Biochemical study on the effects of some Egyptian herbs in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Toxicology 170:221–228

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sharma S, Agrawal RP, Choudhary M et al (2011) Beneficial effect of chromium supplementation on glucose, HbA1C and lipid variables in individuals with newly onset type-2 diabetes. J Trace Elem Med Biol. doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2011.03.003

  7. Anderson RA (2003) Chromium and insulin resistance. Nutr Res Rev 16:267–275

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Sreekanth R, Pattabhi V, Rajan SS (2008) Molecular basis of chromium insulin interactions. Biochem Bioph Res Co 369:725–729

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Trent LK, Tiedingcancel DJSM (1995) Effects of chromium picolinate on body composition. J Sport Med Phys Fit 35:273–280

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Dogukan A, Tuzcu M, Juturu V et al (2010) Effects of chromium histidinate on renal function, oxidative stress, and heat-shock proteins in fat-fed and streptozotocin-treated rats. J Renal Nutr 20:112–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jennings DS, Brevard PB, Flohr JA et al (1997) Chromium nicotinate supplementation: effects on body composition and strength in female collegiate athletes participating in off-season training. J Am Diet Assoc 97:A65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Li F, Wu X-Y, Zhao T et al (2011) Anti-diabetic properties of chromium citrate complex in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 25:218–224

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wu X-Y, Li F, Xu W-D et al (2011) Anti-hyperglycemic activity of chromium(III) malate complex in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 143:1031–1043

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sulaiman GM, Sammarrae KWA, Ad’hiah AH et al. Chemical characterization of Iraqi propolis samples and assessing their antioxidant potentials (2011) Food Chem Toxicol doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.060

  15. Orsolic N, Knezevic AH, Sver L et al (2004) Immunomodulatory and antimetastatic action of propolis and related polyphenolic compounds. J Ethnopharmacol 94:307–315

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Girgin G, Baydar T, Ledochowski M et al (2009) Immunomodulatory effects of Turkish propolis: changes in neopterin release and tryptophan degradation. Immunobiology 214:129–134

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Fuliang HU, Hepburn HR, Xuan H et al (2005) Effects of propolis on blood glucose, blood lipid and free radicals in rats with diabetes mellitus. Pharmacol Res 51:147–152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Çetin E, Kanbur M, Silici S et al (2010) Propetamphos-induced changes in haematological and biochemical parameters of female rats: protective role of propolis. Food Chem Toxicol 48:1806–1810

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Nair SA, Shylesh BS, Gopakumar B et al (2006) Anti-diabetes and hypoglycaemic properties of Hemionitis arifolia (Burm.) Moore in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 106:192–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Buccolo G, David M (1973) Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by use of enzyme. Clin Chem 19:476–482

    Google Scholar 

  21. Carroll NV, Longly RW, Joseph HR (1956) Determination of glycogen in liver and muscle by use of anthrone reagent. J Biol Chem 220:583–593

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yang X-P, Li S-Y, Dong F et al (2006) Insulin-sensitizing and cholesterol-lowering effects of chromium (d-Phenylalanine)3. J Inorg Biochem 100:1187–1193

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Król E, Krejpcio Z (2010) Chromium(III) propionate complex supplementation improves carbohydrate metabolism in insulin-resistance rat model. Food Chem Toxicol 48:2791–2796

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Król E, Krejpcio Z (2011) Evaluation of anti-diabetic potential of chromium(III) propionate complex in high-fat diet fed and STZ injected rats. Food Chem Toxicol 49:3217–3223

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Matsushige K, Basnet P, Hasa K et al (1996) Propolis protects pancreatic beta-cells against the toxicity of streptozotocin (STZ). Phytomedicine 3:203–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kim D-S, Kim T-W, Park I-K et al (2002) Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, and body weight in dexamethasone-treated rats. Metabolism 51:589–594

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lukivskaya O, Patsenker E, Buko VU (2007) Protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on liver mitochondrial function in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes: link with oxidative stress. Life Sci 80:2397–2402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Ghosh R, Sharatchandra K, Rita S et al (2004) Hypoglycemic activity of Ficus hispida (bark) in normal and diabetic albino rats. Ind J Phamacol 36:222–225

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kolankaya D, Selmanog LuG et al (2002) Protective effects of Turkish propolis on alcohol-induced serum lipid changes and liver injury in male rats. Food Chem 78:213–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Bhadauria M, Nirala SK, Shukla S (2008) Multiple treatment of propolis extract ameliorates carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 46:2703–2712

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ferrannini E, Lanfranchi A, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F et al (1990) Influence of long-term diabetes on liver glycogen metabolism in the rat. Metabolism 39:1082–1088

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hems DA, Harmon CS, Whitton PD (1975) Inhibition by parathyroid hormone of glycogen synthesis in the perfused rat liver. FEBS Lett 58:167–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Bhadauria M, Nirala SK (2009) Reversal of acetaminophen induced subchronic hepatorenal injury by propolis extract in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharm 27:17–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wang ZQ, Zhang XH, Cefalu WT (2000) Chromium picolinate and biotin enhance glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase gene expression in human skeletal muscle culture. Diabet Res Clin Pr 50(Supplement 1):395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Loomis TA, Hayes AW (1996) Academic Press (San Diego) California; Vol. 4th Edition

  36. Staniek H, Krejpcio Z, Iwanik K (2010) Evaluation of the acute oral toxicity class of tricentric chromium(III) propionate complex in rat. Food Chem Toxicol 48:859–864

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Shara M, Yasmin T, Kincaid AE et al (2005) Safety and toxicological evaluation of a novel niacin-bound chromium (III) complex. J Inorg Biochem 99:2161–2183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Mohammadzadeh S, Shariatpanahi M, Hamedi M et al (2007) Chemical composition, oral toxicity and antimicrobial activity of Iranian propolis. Food Chem 103:1097–1103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Burdock GA (1998) Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis (propolis). Food Chem Toxicol 36:347–363

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported financially by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20103227110004) and Graduate innovative projects in Jiangsu University (CX10B_019X). All authors thank Dr. Mohammed Takase for the language revising and polishing.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Xiang-Yang Wu, Yue-Na Ren & Liu-Qing Yang

  2. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Fang Li, Ting Zhao & Guang-Hua Mao

  3. School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Jing Li

  4. School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Hong-Yuan Qu

Authors
  1. Xiang-Yang Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fang Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ting Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guang-Hua Mao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jing Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hong-Yuan Qu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yue-Na Ren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Liu-Qing Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liu-Qing Yang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wu, XY., Li, F., Zhao, T. et al. Enhanced Anti-Diabetic Activity of a Combination of Chromium(III) Malate Complex and Propolis and its Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation. Biol Trace Elem Res 148, 91–101 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9347-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9347-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation