Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of Restraint Stress on Iron, Zinc, Calcium, and Magnesium Whole Blood Levels in Mice

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

Study the effects of acute and chronic restraint stress on the whole blood concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in mice.

Materials and methods

Single or repeat restraints were applied to mice to induce acute or chronic stress. The levels of elements in whole blood were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results

The levels of Fe, Zn, Ca, and Mg in blood in the acute-stress group were 351, 5.05, 60, and 44 μg/ml, respectively, and those in the corresponding control group were 391, 5.90, 59, and 45 μg/ml, respectively. The levels of blood Fe, Zn, Ca, and Mg in the chronic-tress group were 291, 3.62, 59, and 40 μg/ml, respectively, and those in the corresponding control group were 393, 4.82, 48, and 43 μg/ml, respectively. The levels of Fe and Zn in the blood of both the acute-stress and the chronic-stress groups were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in the control groups. The Ca level in whole blood was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the chronic-stress group than that in the control group.

Conclusion

Acute and chronic restraint stress can cause changes in blood levels of Fe and Zn in mice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gold SM, Mohr DC, Huitinga I, Flachenecker P, Sternberg EM, Heesen C (2005) The role of stress-response systems for the pathogenesis and progression of MS. Trends Immunol 26(12):644–652

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Starkie RL, Hargreaves M, Rolland J, Febbraio MA (2005) Heat stress, cytokines, and the immune response to exercise. Brain Behav Immun 19(5):404–412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Holsboer F (2001) Stress, hypercortisolism and corticosteroid receptors in depression: implications for therapy. Affect Disord 62(1–2):77–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Reiche EM, Morimoto HK, Nunes SM (2005) Stress and depression-induced immune dysfunction: implications for the development and progression of cancer. Int Rev Psychiatry 17(6):515–527

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Brown MR, Smith AW (2001) Dormancy and persistence in chronic infection: role of the general stress response in resistance to chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 48(1):141–142

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Apostoli P (2002) Elements in environmental and occupational medicine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 778(1–2):63–97

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ishihara Y, Iijima H, Yagi Y, Hoshi H, Matsunaga K (2004) Inhibition of decrease in natural killer cell activity in repeatedly restraint-stressed mice by a biological response modifier derived from cultured mycelia of the basidiomycete Tricholoma matsutake. Neuroimmunomodulation 11(1):41–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Markova OO, Mysula IR, Bodnar Kvik I II, Borys AP (1995) The content of macro- and trace elements in the cardiac muscle of adult and old rats after stressor influence. Fiziol Zh 41(1–2):100–104

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Okur H, Kucukaydin M, Ustdal KM (1995) The endocrine and metabolic response to surgical stress in the neonate. J Pediatr Surg 30(4):626–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hidalgo J, Garcia A, Oliva AM, Giralt M, Gasull T, Gonzalez B, Milnerowicz H, Wood A, Bremner I (1994) Effect of zinc, copper and glucocorticoids on metallothionein levels of cultured neurons and astrocytes from rat brain. Chem Biol Interact 93(3):197–219

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Wysocki A, Beben P, Winiarski M (1998) The effect of surgical trauma on the level of plasma iron. Przegl Lek 55(10):508–511

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Luo W, Chen J, Jiang H, Chen Y (2004) Effects of zinc on content of uncoupling protein in cold stress rats. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 33(1):33–35

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Fabris N, Mocchegiani E (1995) Zinc, human diseases and aging. Aging (Milano) 7(2):77–93

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lieu PT, Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y (2001) The roles of iron in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 22(1–2):1–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Takase B, Akima T, Uehata A, Ohsuzu F, Kurita A (2004) Effect of chronic stress and sleep deprivation on both flow-mediated dilation in the brachial artery and the intracellular magnesium level in humans. Clin Cardiol 27(4):223–227

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Liashenko VP, Lukashov SM (2003) Effect of stress on calcium homeostasis in muscular tissues. Fiziol Zh 49(5):76–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Joels M, Velzing E, Nair S, Verkuyl JM, Karst H (2003) Acute stress increases calcium current amplitude in rat hippocampus: temporal changes in physiology and gene expression. Eur J Neurosci 18(5):1315–1324

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The study was supported by grant NSFC-30370484 (Liu) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China

    Wen-feng Teng, Wei-min Sun, Li-fei Shi, Dian-dong Hou & Hui Liu

Authors
  1. Wen-feng Teng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wei-min Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Li-fei Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dian-dong Hou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hui Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui Liu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Teng, Wf., Sun, Wm., Shi, Lf. et al. Effects of Restraint Stress on Iron, Zinc, Calcium, and Magnesium Whole Blood Levels in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 121, 243–248 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-8047-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-8047-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation