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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids-Free Extract from the Cell Culture of Lithospermum officinale with High Antioxidant Capacity

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Abstract

The benefits of Lithospermum officinale has encouraged people to continue using its extract (CAS 90063-58-4) in both medicinal and cosmetic industries despite the fact that chemical analysis confirms the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in the extract. While the cultivation of L. officinale takes, at least, 2 years to produce usable crops, its callus culture proliferated 8.3 times with 4.9-fold biomass in less than 30 days under the applied conditions in this study. Under the applied conditions, the cell extract contained no toxic PAs while phenylpropanoid pathway was active toward phenolic acids formation not toward naphthoquinone derivatives. Rosmarinic acid was produced as the main constituent. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the proliferated cell extracts were similar to those of the extracts of the natural plant tissues, in particular from the root. These results support the idea that the extract of L. officinale cells can be a reliable substitute for the extract of the natural plant tissues.

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Acknowledgements

Collaboration of Prof. Ghasempour for completing the Mass analysis is sincerely acknowledged.

Funding

The work was supported through annual research grants of Dr. A. Mousavi and Prof. K. Haghbeen (NIGEB Project No. 642).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Esmaeil Khosravi

  2. National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran

    Amir Mousavi, Mohsen Farhadpour & Kamahldin Haghbeen

  3. Laboratoire d’Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université de Paris-Sud, CNRS AgroParisTech, Université de Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France

    Jaleh Ghashghaie

  4. Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran

    Faezeh Ghanati

Authors
  1. Esmaeil Khosravi
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  2. Amir Mousavi
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  3. Mohsen Farhadpour
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  4. Jaleh Ghashghaie
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  5. Faezeh Ghanati
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  6. Kamahldin Haghbeen
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Correspondence to Kamahldin Haghbeen.

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Khosravi, E., Mousavi, A., Farhadpour, M. et al. Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids-Free Extract from the Cell Culture of Lithospermum officinale with High Antioxidant Capacity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 187, 744–752 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-018-2830-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-018-2830-3

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