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Evaluation of the Nitric Oxide and Nitrite Scavenging Capability, N-Nitrosamine Formation Inhibitory Activity, and Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase System Extraction of Total Saponins from Coreopsis tinctoria Flowering Tops by Response Surface Methodology

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Abstract

Coreopsis tinctoria flowering tops (CTFs) is a popular health product as herbal tea or as a traditional medicinal herb that is rich in saponins and exerts substantial biological activity. In this study, an ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was utilized to extract total saponins from CTFs and optimize the extraction process by response surface methodology. Moreover, the nitric oxide and nitrite scavenging capability, and N-nitrosamine formation inhibitory activity of total saponins were evaluated. Results showed that the optimal conditions for total saponins were 37.76% (w/w) ammonium sulfate and 35.62% (w/w) ethanol in ATPS coupled with ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum yield of total saponins of 33.4 g/kg can be obtained from the CTFs raw material. The nitric oxide radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging, and N-nitrosamine inhibitory activities (SC50) were 287.92 ± 7.42, 191.63 ± 7.69, and 1787.4 ± 51.26 μg/mL, respectively. The total saponins has a certain nitric oxide and nitrite scavenging capability, and N-nitrosamine formation inhibitory activity in vitro. Given these activities, research on saponins from CTFs provides profound and lasting implications for the novel applications of C. tinctoria.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 81660641), and the key areas of the science and technology research projects in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (No: 2014BA031).

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  1. Ruiling Luo, Xincheng Yao, and Xieying Liu both authors contributed equally to the work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China

    Ruiling Luo

  2. School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China

    Xincheng Yao, Xieying Liu, Yushang Zhang & Xue Ying

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  1. Ruiling Luo
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  2. Xincheng Yao
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  3. Xieying Liu
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Correspondence to Xincheng Yao or Xue Ying.

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Luo, R., Yao, X., Liu, X. et al. Evaluation of the Nitric Oxide and Nitrite Scavenging Capability, N-Nitrosamine Formation Inhibitory Activity, and Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase System Extraction of Total Saponins from Coreopsis tinctoria Flowering Tops by Response Surface Methodology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 184, 763–776 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-017-2574-5

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