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Release of Polyphenols Is the Major Factor Influencing the Bioconversion of Rice Straw to Lactic Acid

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Abstract

In this study, we found that p-coumaric acid (p-CA), ferulic acid (FA), and condensed tannins were released from rice straw during saccharification. The presence of polyphenols prolonged the lag phase and lowered the productivity of lactic acid. p-CA was identified as a key inhibitor. Tannins had a lower inhibitory effect than p-CA; FA had little inhibitory effect. Acid, alkaline, and ball milling pretreatments elicited different levels of polyphenol release from rice straw. Due to the different levels of polyphenol release in the pretreatment step, the enzymatic hydrolysates contained different concentrations of polyphenols. Compared with fermentation with a synthetic medium, fermentation with the hydrolysates of ball-milled rice straw provided much lower productivity and yield of lactic acid due to the presence of polyphenols. Removal of these compounds played an important role in lactic acid fermentation. When rice straw was alkaline pretreated, the hydrolysates contained few phenolic compounds, resulting in high productivity and yield of lactic acid (1.8 g/L/h and 26.7 g/100 g straw), which were comparable to those in a synthetic medium. This indicates that there is a correlation between removal of phenolic compounds and efficiency in lactic acid fermentation.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Special Fund Agroscientific Research in The Public Interest (No. 201503135-14), by the Scientific Research Projects of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No. 14540500600 and No. 16391902000), by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 14ZZ091), by Tin Ka Ping Education Fund (Mainland Visiting Scholars Exchange Programme 2016/17), and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21307093).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Xingxuan Chen, Yiyun Xue, Jiajun Hu & Min-Tian Gao

  2. Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Yiu Fai Tsang

  3. Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China

    Min-Tian Gao

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  1. Xingxuan Chen
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Correspondence to Min-Tian Gao.

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Chen, X., Xue, Y., Hu, J. et al. Release of Polyphenols Is the Major Factor Influencing the Bioconversion of Rice Straw to Lactic Acid. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 183, 685–698 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-017-2457-9

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