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Potential of Ca2+ in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Pathogenesis and Survival

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Abstract

The host-pathogen interaction and involvement of calcium (Ca2+) signaling in tuberculosis infection is crucial and plays a significant role in pathogenesis. Ca2+ is known as a ubiquitous second messenger that could control multiple processes and is included in cellular activities like division, motility, stress response, and signaling. However, Ca2+ is thought to be a regulative molecule in terms of TB infection but its binding relation with proteins/substrates molecules which are influenced with Ca2+ concentrations in host-pathogen interaction requires attention. So, in this review, our primary goal is to focus on some Ca2+ substrates/proteins and their imperative involvement in pathogenesis, which is unclear. We have discussed several Ca2+-binding substrate and protein that affect intracellular mechanism of infected host cell. The major involvement of these proteins/substrates including calmodulin (CaM), calpain, annexin, surfactant protein A (SP-A), surfactant protein D (SP-D), calprotectin (MRP8/14), and PE_PGRS family protein are considered to be significant; however, their detailed understanding in mycobacterium infection is limited. In this aspect, this study will help in adding up our understanding in TB biology and additionally in the development of new therapeutic approach to reduce TB pandemic worldwide.

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Abbreviations

TB:

Tuberculosis

M. tuberculosis H37Rv:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv

MDR:

Multi-drug resistance

WHO:

World Health Organization

MR:

Mannose receptor

CaM:

Calmodulin

CamKII:

Cam-dependent protein kinase II

SP-A:

Surfactant protein A

SP-D:

Surfactant protein D

PI3P:

Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-phosphate

EEA1:

Endosomal autoantigen 1

LAM:

Lipoarabinomannan

Interleukin-1α:

IL-1 interleukin-2 (IL-2)α

NF-AT:

Nuclear factor of activated T cells

MVs:

Membrane vesicles

RD-1:

Region of difference-1

M. smegmatis :

Mycobacterium smegmatis

MRP-8:

Migration inhibitory factor-related protein-8

MRP-14:

Migration inhibitory factor-related protein-14

PGRS/PE_PGRS:

Polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence

RTX:

Repeats-in-toxin

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Rajesh S. Gokhale for making this work possible. The authors acknowledge the financial support from GAP0092 and OLP1121 of the Department of Science and Technology and Council of Scientific & Industrial Research.

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  1. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India

    Somya Sharma & Laxman S. Meena

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Correspondence to Laxman S. Meena.

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Sharma, S., Meena, L.S. Potential of Ca2+ in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Pathogenesis and Survival. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 181, 762–771 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-2247-9

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