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Microbial Exo-xylanases: A Mini Review

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Abstract

Exo-xylanases are a class of glycosyl hydrolases and play an important role in hydrolysis of xylan to xylose. They belong to glycosyl hydrolase (GH) family 8 with a characteristic (α/α)6 barrel fold in their molecular structures. These enzymes are generally produced by bacteria. Exceptionally, the endo-xylanases from Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 and a few bacterial strains also show considerable exo-xylanase activities. Exo-xylanases are active on natural xylan substances, hydrolyzing long-chain xylo-oligomers from the reducing end to produce short-chain xylo-oligomers and xylose. Exo-xylanases usually show multiple enzyme functions such as β-xylosidase, exo-glucanase, β-glucosidase, and arabinofuranosidase activities, which are helpful for more efficient hydrolysis of xylan. The combined use of exo- and endo-xylanases can increase the xylose yield compared to using either of them alone. Screening new exo-xylanase-producing microbes, mining the enzyme coding sequences, genetically engineering the enzymes, and producing them in a large scale are recommended for their commercial applications in lignocellulose-based biorefinery.

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Acknowledgments

This research is supported by the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) of Singapore (SERC Grant no 1124004027).

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  1. Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore

    Veeresh Juturu & Jin Chuan Wu

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  1. Veeresh Juturu
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  2. Jin Chuan Wu
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Correspondence to Jin Chuan Wu.

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Juturu, V., Wu, J.C. Microbial Exo-xylanases: A Mini Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174, 81–92 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1042-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1042-8

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