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Enhancing Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Electrochemical Simultaneous Bianalyte Immunosensing Using Carbon Nanotubes–Chitosan Nanocomposite

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Abstract

A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes–chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite. To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface. Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process. Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL−1 to 50 ng mL−1 using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc. Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks are due to Vice Chancellor, JNU, Director, AIRF, and AIRF staff members for supporting us for using various instrumentation facilities. Meenakshi is thankful to UGC for providing BSR JRF. Thanks to Dr. Ruchita Pal for her technical support during SEM studies. Financial support received under DST PURSE, DBT sponsored project no. 102/IFD/SAN/451 2009–2010 and 102/IFD/SAN/PR-2113/2009-2010, JNU capacity build up are sincerely acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility (AIRF), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067, India

    Meenakshi Choudhary, Anu Singh & Kavita Arora

  2. Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India

    Meenakshi Choudhary & Satbir Kaur

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  1. Meenakshi Choudhary
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  2. Anu Singh
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  4. Kavita Arora
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Correspondence to Kavita Arora.

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Choudhary, M., Singh, A., Kaur, S. et al. Enhancing Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Electrochemical Simultaneous Bianalyte Immunosensing Using Carbon Nanotubes–Chitosan Nanocomposite. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174, 1188–1200 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1020-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1020-1

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