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Ball Milling Pretreatment of Oil Palm Biomass for Enhancing Enzymatic Hydrolysis

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Abstract

Oil palm biomass, namely empty fruit bunch and frond fiber, were pretreated using a planetary ball mill. Particle sizes and crystallinity index values of the oil palm biomass were significantly reduced with extended ball mill processing time. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by the generation of glucose, xylose, and total sugar conversion yields from the pretreatment process compared to the amount of sugars from raw materials. Glucose and xylose contents were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. An increasing trend in glucose and xylose yield as well as total sugar conversion yield was observed with decreasing particle size and crystallinity index. Oil palm frond fiber exhibited the best material yields using ball milling pretreatment with generated glucose, xylose, and total sugar conversion yields of 87.0, 81.6, and 85.4 %, respectively. In contrast, oil palm empty fruit bunch afforded glucose and xylose of 70.0 and 82.3 %, respectively. The results obtained in this study showed that ball mill-treated oil palm biomass is a suitable pretreatment method for high conversion of glucose and xylose.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partly supported by the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), organized by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). We are grateful to Seri Ulu Langat Palm Oil Mill and Serting Hilir Palm Oil Mill for providing the raw materials. Special thanks to Mr. Yoshihito Suwa for the technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomass Refinery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan

    Mohd Rafein Zakaria, Shinji Fujimoto & Satoshi Hirata

  2. Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohd Rafein Zakaria & Mohd Ali Hassan

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  1. Mohd Rafein Zakaria
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  2. Shinji Fujimoto
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  3. Satoshi Hirata
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  4. Mohd Ali Hassan
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Correspondence to Mohd Rafein Zakaria.

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Zakaria, M.R., Fujimoto, S., Hirata, S. et al. Ball Milling Pretreatment of Oil Palm Biomass for Enhancing Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 173, 1778–1789 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0964-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0964-5

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