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Potential of Biocellulose Nanofibers Production from Agricultural Renewable Resources: Preliminary Study

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Abstract

In the present preliminary study, we report results for the biocellulose nanofibres production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Production was examined by utilizing different feedstocks of single sugars and sugar mixtures with compositions similar to the acid hydrolyzates of different agriculture residues. Profiles for cell proliferation, sugar consumption, and the subsequent pH changes were thoroughly analyzed. Highest biocellulose production of 5.65 g/L was achieved in fructose medium with total sugar consumption of 95.57%. Moreover, the highest production using sugar mixtures was 5.2 g/L, which was achieved in feedstock with composition identical to the acid hydrolyzate of wheat straws. This represented the highest biocellulose yield of 17.72 g/g sugars compared with 14.77 g/g fructose. The lowest production of 1.1 and 1.75 g/L were obtained in xylose and glucose media, respectively, while sucrose and arabinose media achieved relatively higher production of 4.7 and 4.1 g/L, respectively. Deviation in pH of the fermentation broths from the optimum value of 4–5 generally had marked effect on biocellulose production with single sugars in feedstock. However, the final pH values recorded in the different sugar mixtures were ∼3.3–3.4, which had lower effect on production hindrance. Analyzing profiles for sugars' concentrations and cell growth showed that large amount of the metabolized sugars were mainly utilized for bacterial cell growth and maintenance, rather than biocellulose production. This was clearly observed with single sugars of low production, while sugar consumption was rather utilized for biocellulose production with sugar mixtures. Results reported in this study demonstrate that agriculture residues might be used as potential feedstocks for the biocellulose nanofibres production. Not only this represents a renewable source of feedstock, but also might lead to major improvements in production if proper supplements and control were utilized in the fermentation process.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada for the financial support. The contribution of Amir Sani is acknowledged with our appreciation together with the contribution of Casco Inc., London, Ontario, Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, M5B 2K3, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Yaser Dahman & Kithsiri E. Jayasuriya

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Allé 1, 5230, Odense, Denmark

    Magdalina Kalis

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  1. Yaser Dahman
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  2. Kithsiri E. Jayasuriya
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  3. Magdalina Kalis
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Correspondence to Yaser Dahman.

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Dahman, Y., Jayasuriya, K.E. & Kalis, M. Potential of Biocellulose Nanofibers Production from Agricultural Renewable Resources: Preliminary Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 162, 1647–1659 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-010-8946-8

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