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Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Tung Oil

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Abstract

The feasibility of biodiesel production from tung oil was investigated. The esterification reaction of the free fatty acids of tung oil was performed using Amberlyst-15. Optimal molar ratio of methanol to oil was determined to be 7.5:1, and Amberlyst-15 was 20.8wt% of oil by response surface methodology. Under these reaction conditions, the acid value of tung oil was reduced to 0.72mg KOH/g. In the range of the molar equivalents of methanol to oil under 5, the esterification was strongly affected by the amount of methanol but not the catalyst. When the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 4.1:1 and Amberlyst-15 was 29.8wt% of the oil, the acid value decreased to 0.85mg KOH/g. After the transesterification reaction of pretreated tung oil, the purity of tung biodiesel was 90.2wt%. The high viscosity of crude tung oil decreased to 9.8mm2/s at 40 °C. Because of the presence of eleostearic acid, which is a main component of tung oil, the oxidation stability as determined by the Rancimat method was very low, 0.5h, but the cold filter plugging point, −11 °C, was good. The distillation process did not improve the fatty acid methyl ester content and the viscosity.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Resource Recycling R&D Center, 21C Frontier R&D Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea

    Ji-Yeon Park, Deog-Keun Kim, Soon-Chul Park & Jin-Suk Lee

  2. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, no.2 Nengyuan Rd, Wushan, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510-640, China

    Zhong-Ming Wang & Pengmei Lu

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  1. Ji-Yeon Park
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  2. Deog-Keun Kim
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  3. Zhong-Ming Wang
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  4. Pengmei Lu
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  5. Soon-Chul Park
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Correspondence to Jin-Suk Lee.

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Park, JY., Kim, DK., Wang, ZM. et al. Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Tung Oil. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 148, 109–117 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-007-8082-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-007-8082-2

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